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HIS RELIGION 3 1.5.16. Hasan ibn Muhammad al-Nufali said, “When ‘Ali ibn Musa al-Rida(a.s.) came before Ma’mun the later commanded Fadl ibn Sahl to gather the scholars (ashab al-maqalat) such as the Catholicos (Jathaliq), the Exilarch (Ra’s al-Jalut), the chiefs of the Sabeans, Hirbidh al-Akbar, the Zoroastrians, NasTas al-Rumi and the theologians so as to hear his words and their words. Fadl ibn Sahl gathered them and informed Ma‘mun of their gathering. Ma‘mun said, ‘Bring them before me.’ He did it. Ma‘mun welcomed them; then he said to them, ‘I gathered you here for the good, and I would like you to debate with my cousin from Madinah who has come before me. Come here early tomorrow morning, and let not one of you be remiss.’ They said, ‘We hear and we obey, O Commander of the Faithful! We will be here early tomorrow morning, God willing.’… |
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1-5-16- د [التوحيد] ن [عيون أخبار الرضَا عليه السلام] حَدَثَّنَا أبُو مُحَمَّدٍ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَلِىِّ بْنِ أحْمَدَ الْفَقِيهِ الْقُمِىِّ ثُمَّ الاِيلاَقِيِّ، رَضِىَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: «أخْبَرَنَا أبُو مُحَمَّدٍ، الْحَسَنُ بُنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِىِّ بْنِ صَدَقَةٍ الْقُمِيِّ. قَالَ: ’حَدَّثَنِى أبُو عَمْرٍو مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ اْلاَنْصَارِىِّ الْكَجِيِّ. قَالَ: ’حَدَّثَنِى مَنْ سَمِعَ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّوْفِلِىِّ ثُمَّ الْهَاشِمِىِّ يَقُولُ: ’لَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلِىٌّ بْنُ مُوسَي الرِّضَا (ع) عَلَي الْمَأْمُونِ، أمَرَ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ سَهْلٍ أنْ يَجْمَعَ لَهُ أصْحَابَ الْمَقَالاَتِ، مِثْلَ الْجَاثِلِيقِ وَرَاْسِ الْجَالُوتِ وَرُؤَسَاءِ الصَّابِئِينَ وَالْهِربَذِ اْلاَكْبَرِ وَأصْحَابِ ذَرْدَهَشْتِ وَنَسْطَاسِ الرُّومِى وَالْمُتَكِلِّمِينَ لِيَسْمَعَ كَلاَمَهُ وَكَلاَمَهُمْ. فَجَمَعَهُمُ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، ثُمَّ أّعْلَمَ الْمَأْمُونَ بِاجْتِمَاعِهِمْ. فَقَالَ الْمَأْمُونُ: ’أدْخِلْهُمْ عَلَيَّ.‘ فَفَعَلَ فَرَحَّبَ بِهِمُ الْمَأْمُونُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ: ’إنِّى إنَّمَا جَمَعْتُكُمْ لِخَيْرٍ، وَأحْبَبْتُ أنْ تُنَاظِرُوا إبْنَ عَمِّي، هَذَا الْمَدَنِىَّ الْقَادِمَ عَلَيَّ. فَإذَا كَانَ بُكْرةً فَاغْدُوا عَلَيَّ وَلاَ يَتَخَلَّفْ مِنْكُمْ أحَدٌ.‘ فَقَالُوا: ’السَّمْعَ وَالطَّاعَةَ يَا أمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. نَحْنُ مُبْكِرُونَ إنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ...‘ |
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The next morning, Fadl ibn Sahl came and said to Rida(a.s.), ‘May I be your sacrifice. Your cousin is waiting for you. The people have gathered. What is your view about coming before him?’ Rida(a.s.) said to him, ‘You precede me, and I will come to you, God willing.’ Then he made ablutions (wudu’) as though for prayer, and he drank some barley water (sharbah sawiq) and we also drank some. Then he left, and we left with him, until we entered before Ma‘mun. All at once it was crowded, and Muhammad ibn Ja‘far was among the Talibiyyin, the Hashimiyyin and the Quwwad. When Rida(a.s.) entered, Ma‘mun stood up, and Muhammad ibn Ja‘far and all the Hashimiyyin. They waited until Rida(a.s.) sat with Ma‘mun and ordered them to sit. Then they sat, and Ma‘mun faced him and spoke with him for an hour. Then Ma‘mun turned toward the Catholicos and said, ‘O Catholicos! This is my cousin, ‘Ali ibn Musa ibn Ja‘far, who is a descendent of FaTimah the daughter of our Prophet and ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib, may they both be blessed. So, I would like you to speak with him and debate fairly.’ The Catholicos said, ‘O Commander of the Faithful! How can I debate with someone who relies upon a book that I deny and a prophet in whom I have no faith?’ Rida(a.s.) said to him, ‘O Christian! If I debate against you by your Gospel, will you concede?’ The Catholicos said, ‘Can I reject what is spoken in the Gospel? Yes, by God, I will concede even if I do not like it.’Rida(a.s.) said to him, ‘Ask whatever comes to your mind, and understand the answer.’ The Catholicos said, ‘What do you say about the prophethood of Jesus and his book? Do you deny them?’ Rida(a.s.) said, ‘I confess the prophethood of Jesus and his book, and the glad tidings to his community to which the Apostles also confessed. And I disbelieve in the prophethood of any Jesus who did not confess the prophethood of Muhammad (s) and in his book and who did not give glad tidings of him to his community.’ The Catholicos said, ‘Is it not the case that you consider the judgment of |
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فَلَمَّا أصْبَحْنَا، أتَانَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ. فَقَالَ لَهُ: ’جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ. إبْنُ عَمِّكَ يَنْتَظِرُكَ، وَقَدِ اجْتَمَعَ الْقَوْمُ. فَمَا رَاْيُكَ فِى إتْيَانِهِ؟‘ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا (ع): ’تَقَدَّمْنِي، فَإنِّى سَائِرٌ إلَي نَاحِيَتِكُمْ، إنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ.‘ ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأ (ع) وُضُوءَهُ لِلصَّلاَةِ وَشَرِبَ شَرْبَةَ سَوِيقٍ وَسَقَانَا مِنْهُ. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ وَخَرَجْنَا مَعَهُ حَتَّي دَخَلْنَا عَلَي الْمَأْمُونِ. فَإذَا الْمَجْلِسُ غَاصَ بِأهْلِهِ، وَمُحَمَّدٌ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ فِى جَمَاعَةِ الطَّالِبِيِّينَ وَالْهَاشِمِيِّينَ، وَالْقُوَّادُ حُضُورٌ. فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الرِّضَا (ع)، قَامَ الْمَأْمُونُ وَقَامَ مُحَمَّدٌ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ وَجَمِيعُ بَنِى هَاشِمٍ. فَمَا زَالُوا وُقُوفًا، وَالرِّضَا (ع) جَالِسٌ مَعَ الْمَأْمُونِ حَتَّي أمَرَهُمْ بِالْجُلُوسِ، فَجَلَسُوا. فَلَمْ يَزَلْ الْمَأْمُونُ مُقْبِلاً عَلَيْهِ، يُحَدِّثُهُ سَاعَةً. ثُمَّ إلْتَفَتَ إلَي الْجَاثِلِيق، فَقَالَ: ’يَا جَاثِلِيقُ، هَذَا إبْنُ عَمِّي، عَلِىٌّ بْنُ مُوسَي بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ. وَهُوَ مِنْ وُلْدِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ نَبِيِّنَا، وَابْنُ عَلِىٍّ بْنِ أبِى طَالِبٍ، صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا. فَاُحِبُّ أنْ تُكَلِّمَهُ وَتُحَاجَّهُ وَتُنْصِفَهُ.‘ فَقَالَ الْجَاثِلِيقُ: ’يَا أمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، كَيْفَ أُحَاجُّ رَجُلاً يَحْتَجُّ عَلَيَّ بِكِتَابٍ أنَا مُنْكِرُهُ وَنَبِىٍّ لاَ أُومِنُ بِهِ؟‘ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا (ع): ’يَا نَصْرَانِيُّ، فَإنْ إحْتَجَجْتُ عَلَيْكَ بِإنْجِيلِكَ، أتُقِرُّ بِهِ؟‘ قَالَ الْجَاثِلِيق: ’وَهَلْ أقْدِرُ عَلَي دَفْعِ مَا نَطَقَ بِهِ الاِنجِيلُ! نَعَم وَاللَّهِ أُقِرُّ بِهِ عَلَي رَغْمِ أنْفِي.‘ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا (ع): ’سَلْ عَمَّا بَدَا لَكَ وَافْهَمْ الْجَوَابَ.‘ قَالَ الْجَاثِلِيقُ: ’مَا تَقُولُ فِى نُبُوَّةِ عِيسَي وَكِتَابِهِ؟ هَلْ تُنْكِرُ مِنْهُمَا شَيْئًا؟‘ قَالَ الرِّضَا (ع): ’أنَا مُقِرٌّ بِنُبُوَّةِ عِيسَي وَكِتَابِهِ وَمَا بَشَّرَ بِهِ أُمَّتَهُ وَأقَرَّتْ بِهِ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ؛ وَكَافِرٌ بِنُبُوَّةِ كُلِّ عِيسَي لَمْ يُقِرَّ بِنُبُوَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ (ص) وَبِكِتَابِهِ وَلَمْ يُبَشِّرْ بِهِ أُمَّتَهُ.‘ قَالَ الْجَاثِلِيقُ: ’ألَيْسَ إنَّمَا تَقْطَعُ اْلاَحْكَامُ بِشَاهِدَيْ عَدْلٍ؟‘ قَالَ: ’بلي.‘ قَالَ: |
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two just witnesses decisive?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ The Catholicos said, ‘Then bring two witnesses for the prophethood of Muhammad from a nation other than yours who are not denied by the Christians, and ask us for the like from other than our nation.’ Rida(a.s.) said, ‘Now you are being fair, O Christian! Do you not accept from me the earlier just ones who were with the Messiah, Jesus the son of Mary?’ The Catholicos said, ‘Who is that just one? Tell me his name?’ He said, ‘What do you say about John Daylami?’ He said, ‘Very well! You have mentioned the most beloved person to the Messiah.’ He(a.s.) said, ‘I swear to you, does the Gospel not say that John said, “The Messiah informed me of the religion of Muhammad the Arab, and he gave me glad tidings of him, that he would come after him; then I gave glad tidings of him to the Apostles, so believe in him.”?’ The Catholicos said, ‘John mentioned this from the Messiah and he gave glad tidings about the prophethood of a man and about his folk and his trustee. But he did not specify when this would be, and he did not name these people for us so that we could recognize them.’ Rida(a.s.) said, ‘If we bring someone who reads the Gospel and he recites for you the mention of Muhammad and his folk and his community, will you believe in him?’ He said, ‘Surely.’ Rida(a.s.) said to NasTas al-Rumi, ‘How is your memory of the third scripture of the Gospel?’ He said, ‘I do not remember it.’Then he turned to the chief of al-Jalut and said, ‘Do you not read the Gospel?’ He said, ‘Yes, by my soul.’ He said, ‘Start the third scripture for me. If the mention of Muhammad and his folk and his community is in it, bear witness to it for me, and if it is not there, then do not bear witness for me.’ Then he recited the scripture until when he arrived at the mention of the Prophet (s) he stopped. Then he said, ‘O Christian! I ask you by the right of the Messiah and his mother, did you know that I know the Gospel?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ Then he recited for us the mention of Muhammad, his folk and his community. Then he said, ‘What do you say, O Christian? This is the speech of Jesus the son of Mary. If you belie what is said in the Gospel then you belie Moses and Jesus, peace be with them, and when you deny this mention, it is obligatory for you to be killed, because you would be a disbeliever in your Lord, your prophet and your book.’ |
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’فَأقِمْ شَاهِدَيْنِ، مِنْ غَيْرِ أهْلِ مِلَّتِكَ، عَلَي نُبُوَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ، مِمَّنْ لاَ تُنْكِرُهُ النَّصْرَانِيَّةُ. وَسَلْنَا مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أهْلِ مِلَّتِنَا.‘ قَالَ الرِّضَا (ع): ’ألاَنَ جِئْتَ بِالنَّصَفَةِ، يَا نَصْرَانِيُّ. ألاَ تَقْبَلُ مِنِّى الْعَدْلَ الْمُقَدَّمَ عِنْدَ الْمَسِيحِ، عِيسَي بْنِ مَرْيَمَ؟‘ قَالَ الْجَاثِلِيقُ: ’مَنْ هَذَا الْعَدْلُ؟ سَمِّهْ لِي.‘ قَالَ: ’مَا تَقُولُ فِى يُوحَنَّا الدَّيْلَمِيِّ؟‘ قَالَ: ’بَخٍّ بَخٍّ! ذَكَرْتَ أحَبَّ النَّاسِ إلَي الْمَسِيحِ.‘ قَالَ(ع): ’فَاُقْسِمْتُ عَلَيْكَ، هَلْ نَطَقَ الاِنجِيلُ أنَّ يُوحَنَّا قَالَ: ’إنَّ الْمَسِيحَ أخْبَرَنِى بِدِينِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَرَبِىِّ وَبَشَّرَنِى بِهِ أنَّهُ يَكُونُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ. فَبَشَّرْتُ ِبهِ الْحَوَارِيِّينَ، فَامَنُوا بِهِ.‘‘ قَالَ الْجَاثِلِيقُ: ’قَدْ ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ يُوحَنَّا عَنْ الْمَسِيحِ وَبَشَّرَ بِنُبُوَّةِ رَجُلٍ وَبِأهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَوَصِيِّهِ، وَلَمْ يُلَخِّصْ مَتَي يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ، وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ لَنَا الْقَوْمَ فَنَعْرِفَهُمْ.‘ قَالَ الرِّضَا (ع): ’فَإنْ جِئْنَاكَ بِمَنْ يُقِرُّ الاِنجِيلَ، فَتَلاَ عَلَيْكَ ذِكْرَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَأُمَّتِهِ أتُؤْمِنَ بِهِ؟‘ قَالَ: ’شَدِيدًا.‘ قَالَ الرِّضَا (ع) لِنَسْطَاسِ الرُّومِيِّ: ’كَيْفَ حِفْظُكُ لِلسِّفْرِ الثَّالِثِ مِنَ الاِنجِيلِ؟‘ قَالَ: ’مَا أحْفَظَنِى لَهُ.‘ ثُمَّ إلْتَفَتَ إلَي رَاْسِ الْجَالُوتِ، فَقَالَ: ’ألَسْتَ تَقْرَأ الاِنجِيلَ قَالَ: ’بَلَي، لَعَمْرِي.‘ قَالَ: ’فَخُذْ عَلَي السِّفْرِ الثَّالِثِ. فَإنْ كَانَ فِيهِ ذِكْرُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَأُمَّتِهِ، فَاشْهَدُوا لِي؛ وَإنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ ذِكْرُهُ فَلاَ تَشْهَدُوا لِى .‘ثُمَّ قَرَأ (ع) السِّفْرَ الثَّالِثَ، حَتَّي إذَا بَلَغَ ذِكْرَ النَّبِىِّ (ص) وَقَفَ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: ’يَا نَصْرَانِيُّ، إنِّى أّسْألُكَ، بِحَقِّ الْمَسِيحِ وَأُمِّهِ، أتَعْلَمُ إنِّى عَالِمٌ بِالاِنجِيلِ؟‘ قَالَ: ’نَعَم.‘ ثُمَّ تَلاَ عَلَيْنَا ذِكْرَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَأُمَّتِهِ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: ’مَا تَقُولُ؟ يَا نَصْرَانِيُّ، هَذَا قَوْلُ عِيسَي بْنِ مَرْيَمَ. فَإنْ كَذَّبْتَ مَا يَنْطِقُ بِهِ الاِنجِيلُ، فَقَدْ كَذَّبْتَ مُوسَي وَعِيسَي (ع)؛ وَمَتَي أنْكَرْتَ هَذَا الذِّكْرَ وَجَبَ عَلَيْكَ الْقَتْلُ. ِلاَنَّكَ تَكُونُ قَدْ كَفَرْتَ بِرَبِّكَ وَبِنَبِيِّكَ وَبِكِتَابِكَ.‘ |
