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Rida(a.s.) said, “Do you know, O Jew, that Moses ibn ‘Imran left a will for the Children of Israel in which he said to them, ‘Verily, there will soon come to you a prophet from among your brethren, so affirm him and listen to him.’ Do you know any brethren of the Children of Israel other than the offspring of Isma‘il, if you know of the kinship of Israel and Isma‘il, and the relation between them from Abraham?” The Exilarch said, “That is the saying of Moses; we do not deny it.” Rida(a.s.) said to him, “Has there come to you from the brethren of the Children of Israel any prophet other than Muhammad?” He said, “No.” Rida(a.s.) said, “Is this not correct according to you?” He said, “Yes, but I would like you to show the correctness of this matter from the Torah.” Rida(a.s.) said to him, “Do you deny that the Torah says to you, ‘Light came from Mount Sinai, and that it radiates to us from Mount Sa‘ir, and it has appeared to us from Mount Faran.’?” The Exilarch said, “I know these words, but I do not know the interpretation of them.” Rida(a.s.) said, “I will inform you of it. As for its saying, ‘Light came from Mount Sinai,’ that is the revelation of Allah, the blessed and exalted, which He sent down to Moses at Mount Sinai; as for His saying, ‘and that it radiates to us from Mount Sa‘ir,’ it is the mountain at which Allah, the mighty and magnificent, sent revelation to Jesus the son of Mary when he was on it; and as for His saying, ‘and it has appeared to us from Mount Faran,’ this is one of the mountains of Mecca which is one day’s journey from Mecca. The prophet Sha‘ya says in the Torah, what your and your companions also say, ‘I saw two riders for whom the earth became illuminated, one of them on a donkey and the other on a camel.’ Who is the rider on the donkey and who is the rider of the camel?” The Exilarch said, “I do not know those two, so inform me of them.” He(a.s.) said, “The rider of the donkey is Jesus, and the rider of the camel is Muhammad. Do you deny that this is from the Torah?” He said, “No, I do not deny it.” |
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قَالَ الرِّضَا (ع): ’هَلْ تَعْلَمُ يَا يَهُودِيُّ، أنَّ مُوسَي بْنَ عِمْرَانَ أوْصَي بَنِى إسْرَائِيلَ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: ’إنَّهُ سَيَأْتِيكُم نَبِىٌّ مِنْ إخْوَانِكُمْ؛ فَبِهِ فَصَدِّقُوا وَمِنْهُ فَاسْمَعُوا.‘ فَهَلْ تَعْلَمُ أنَّ لِبَنِى إسْرَائِيلَ إخْوَةٌ غَيْرُ وُلْدِ إسْمَاعِيلَ، إنْ كُنْتَ تَعْرِفُ قِرَابَةَ إسْرَائِيلَ مِنْ إسْمَاعِيلَ وَالنَّسَبَ الَّذِى بَيْنَهُمَا مِنْ قِبَلِ إبْرَاهِيمَ؟‘ فَقَالَ رَاسُ الْجَالُوتُ: ’هَذَا قَوْلُ مُوسَي، لاَ نَدْفَعُهُ.‘ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا (ع): ’هَلْ جَاءَكُمْ مِنْ إخْوَةِ بَنِى إسْرَائِيلَ نَبِىٌّ غَيْرُ مُحَمَّدٍ؟‘ قَالَ: ’لاَ.‘ قَالَ الرِّضَا (ع): ’أفَلَيْسَ قَدْ صَحَّ هَذَا عِنْدَكُمْ؟‘ قَالَ: ’نَعَم، وَلَكِنِّى أُحِبُّ أنْ تُصَحِّحَهُ لِى مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ.‘ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا (ع): ’هَلْ تُنْكِرُ أنَّ التَّوْرَاةَ تَقُولُ لَكُمْ: ’قَدْ جَاءَ النُّورُ مِنْ جَبَلِ طُورِ سَيْنَاءَ وَأضَاءَ لَنَا مِنْ جَبَلِ سَاعِيرَ وَاسْتَعْلَنَ عَلينَا مِنْ جَبَلِ فَارَانِ.‘‘ قَالَ رَاسُ الْجَالُوتِ: ’أعْرِفُ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتِ، وَمَا أعْرِفُ تَفْسِيرَهَا.‘ قَالَ الرِّضَا (ع): ’أنَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِهِ. أمَّا قَوْلُهُ: ’جَاءَ النُّورُ مِنْ قِبَلِ طُورِ سَيْنَاءِ.‘ فَذَلِكَ وَحْيُ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَي الَّذِى أنْزَلَهُ عَلَي مُوسَي، عَلَي جَبَلِ طُورِ سَيْنَاءَ؛ وَأمَّا قَوْلُهُ: ’وَأضَاءَ النَّاسَ مِنْ جَبَلِ سَاعِيرَ.‘ فَهُوَ الْجَبَلُ الَّذِى أوْحَي اللَّهُ، عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، إلَي عِيسَي بْنِ مَرْيَمَ، وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ؛ وَأمَّا قَوْلُهُ: ’وَاسْتَعْلَنَ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ جَبَلِ فَارَانَ.‘ فذَلِكَ جَبَلٌ مِنْ جِبَالِ مَكَّةَ، بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهَا يَوْمٌ. وَقَالَ شَعْيَا النَّبِيُّ، فِى مَا تَقُولُ أنْتَ وَأصْحَابُكَ فِى التَّوْرَاةِ: ’رَأيْتُ رَاكِبَينِ أضَاءَ لَهُمَا الاَرْضُ: أحَدُهُمَا عَلَي حِمَارٍ، وَالآخَرُ عَلَي جَمَلٍ. فَمَنْ رَاكِبُ الْحِمَارِ وَمَنْ رَاكِبُ الْجَمَلِ؟‘ قَالَ رَأْسُ الْجَالُوتِ: ’لاَ أعْرِفُهُمَا. فَخَبَّرْنِى بِهِمَا.‘ قَالَ(ع): ’أمَّا رَاكِبُ الْحِمَارِ، فَعِيسَي، وَأمَّا رَاكِبُ الْجَمَلِ، فَمُحَمَّدٌ. أتُنْكِرُ هَذَا مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ؟‘ قَالَ: ’لاَ، مَا أُنْكِرُهُ.‘ |
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Then Rida(a.s.) said, “Do you know the prophet Habakkuk?” He said, “Yes. I know of him.” He(a.s.) said, “He said, and this is narrated in your book, ‘Allah brought down speech on Mount Faran, and the heavens were filled with the glorification of Muhammad and his community. His horse carries him over water as it carries him over land. He will bring a new book to us after the ruin of the holy house [the temple in Jerusalem].’ What is meant by this book is the Qur’an. Do you know this and believe in it?” The Exilarch said, “Habakkuk the prophet has said this and we do not deny what he said.” Rida(a.s.) said, “In his Psalms, David said, and you recite it, “O God! Send one to revive the tradition after it has languished.’ Do you know a prophet other than Muhammad who has revived the tradition after it languished?” The Exilarch said, “This is the saying of David. We know it and do not deny it, however, what is meant by this is Jesus, and his day was the period of languishing.” Rida(a.s.) said to him, “You are ignorant. Verily, Jesus did not oppose the tradition, but he was in agreement with the tradition of the Torah, until Allah raised him to Himself. It is written in the Gospel, ‘Verily, the son of the good woman will leave, and the paraclete will come after him, and he will lighten the burden, and he will interpret everything for you, and he will bear witness for me as I bear witness for him. I have brought parables for you, and he will bring for you exegesis.’ Do you believe in this from the Gospel?” He said, “Yes. I do not deny it.” Rida(a.s.) said to him, “O Exilarch (Ra’s al-Jalut)! I ask you about your prophet Moses ibn ‘Imran.” He said, “Ask!” He(a.s.) said, “What proof do you have that Moses was a prophet?” The Jew said, “Verily, he brought that which had not been brought by any prophet before him.” He said to him, “Like what?” He said, “Like the splitting of the sea, changing his staff into [a serpent] running, hitting the rock so that fountains sprung from the cleft, bringing out his hand white for the observers, and signs for the like of which people have no power.” |
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ثُمَّ قَالَ الرِّضَا (ع): ’هَلْ تَعْرِفُ حَيْقُوقَ النَّبِيِّ؟‘ قَالَ: ’نَعَم، إنِّى بِهِ لَعَارِفٌ.‘ قَالَ (ع): ’فَإنَِّهُ قَالَ، وَكِتَابُكُمْ يَنْطِقُ بِهِ: ’جَاءَ اللَّهُ بِالْبَيَانِ مِنْ جَبَلِ فَارَانِ، وَامْتَلاَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ مِنْ تَسْبِيحِ أحْمَدَ وَأُمَّتِهِ. يُحْمَلُ خَيْلُهُ فِى الْبَحْرِ كَمَا يُحْمَلُ فِى الْبَرِّ. يَأْتِينَا بِكِتَابٍ جَدِيدٍ بَعْدَ خَرَابِ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ. يَعْنِى بِالْكِتَابِ، الْقُرْءَانَ. أتَعْرِفُ هَذَا وَتُؤْمِنُ بِهِ؟‘ قَالَ رَاسُ الْجَالُوتِ: ’قدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ حِيْقُوقُ النَّبِيِّ، وَلاَ نُنْكِرُ قَوْلَهُ.‘ قَالَ الرَّضَا (ع): ’فَقَدْ قَالَ دَاوُد فِى زَبُورِهِ، وَأنْتَ تَقْرَؤُهُ: ’اللَّهُمَّ ابْعَثْ مُقِيمَ السُّنَّةِ بَعْدَ الْفَتْرَةِ.‘ فَهَلْ تَعِرفُ نَبِيًا أقَامَ السُّنَّةَ بَعْدَ الْفَتْرَةِ غَيْرَ مُحَمَّدٍ؟‘ قَالَ رَاسُ الْجَالُوتِ: ’هَذَا قَوْلُ دَاوُدَ، نَعْرِفُهُ وَلاَ نُنْكِرُهُ، وَلَكِنْ عَنَي بِذَلِكَ عِيسَي، وَأيَّامُهُ هِىَ الْفَتْرَةُ.‘ قَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا (ع): ’جَهِلْتَ. إنَّ عِيسَي لَمْ يُخَالِفْ السُّنَّةَ وَكَانَ مُوَافِقًا لِسُنَّةِ التَّوْرَاةِ، حَتَّي رَفَعَهُ اللَّهُ إلَيهِ. وَفِى الاِنجِيلِ مَكْتُوبٌ: ’إنَّ إبْنَ الْبِرَّةِ ذَاهِبٌ، وَالْبَارْقِلِيطَا جَاءَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ، وَهُوَ يُخَفِّفُ الآصَارَ وَيُفَسِّرُ لَكُمْ كُلَّ شَىْء وَيَشْهَدُ لِى كَمَا شَهِدَتُ لَهُ. أنَا جِئْتُكُمْ بِاْلاَمْثَالِ وَهُوَ يَأْتِيكُمْ بِالتَّاوِيلِ. أتُؤْمِنُ بِهَذَا فِى الاِنجِيلِ؟‘ قَالَ: ’نَعَم، لاَ أُنْكِرُهُ.‘ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا (ع): ’يَا رَاْسَ الْجَالُوتِ، أسَألُكَ, عَنْ نَبِيِّكَ مُوسَي بْنِ عِمْرَانَ.‘ فَقَالَ: ’سَلْ.‘ قَالَ(ع): ’مَا الْحُجَّةُ عَلَي أنَّ مُوسَي ثَبَتَتْ نُبُوَّتُهُ؟‘ قَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ: ’إنَّهُ جَاءَ بِمَا لَمْ يَجِئْ بِهِ أحَدٌ مِنَ اْلاَنْبِيَاءِ قَبْلَهَ.‘ قَالَ لَهُ: ’مِثْلُ مَا ذَا؟‘ قَالَ: ’مِثْلُ فَلْقِ الْبَحْرِ، وَقَلْبِهِ الْعَصَا حَيَّةً تَسْعَي، وَضَرْبِهِ الْحَجَرَ فَانْفَجَرَتْ مِنْهُ الْعُيُونُ، وَإخْرَاجِهِ يَدَهُ بَيْضَاءَ لِلنَّاظِرِينَ، وَعَلاَمَاتٍ لاَ يَقْدِرُ الْخَلْقُ عَلَي مِثْلِهَا.‘ |
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Rida(a.s.) said to him, “You spoke truly that the proof of his being a prophet was that he brought that for the like of which people have no power. Is it not the case that it becomes obligatory for you to affirm whoever claims to be a prophet then brings the like of that for which people have no power?” He said, “No. Because there was no one like Moses in station before his Lord, and nearness to Him; and it is not obligatory for us to admit the prophethood of one who claims it unless he bring signs like what he brought.” Rida(a.s.) said, “So, how do you admit that there were prophets prior to Moses, while they did not split the sea, and did not cleft the rock so that twelve fountains sprung from it, and they did not bring out their hands as Moses brought his hand out white, and they did not change staves into running serpants.” The Jew said to him, “I will indeed inform you that when one brings a sign the like of which people have no power to bring, even if they are not what Moses brought or are other than what he brought, it becomes obligatory to affirm him.” Rida(a.s.) said, “O Exilarch (Ra’s al-Jalut)! So, what prevents you from admitting [to the prophethood of] Jesus the son of Mary, while he revived the dead, cured the blind and the leper, and created of clay what had the form of birds, then blew into them and they became birds by the permission of Allah?” The Exilarch said, “It is said that he did this, but we did not witness it.” Rida(a.s.) said, “Tell me, did you witness the signs that Moses brought? Is it not the case that narrations from the trusted companions of Moses conveyed that he did these things?” He said, “Yes.” He said, “Then likewise, successively confirmed reports (akhbar mutawattir) have come to you about what Jesus the son of Mary did. So how is it that you affirm Moses but you do not affirm Jesus?” He gave no answer. |
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قَالَ لَهُ الرِّضَا (ع): ’صَدَقْتَ فِى أنَّهُ كَانََتْ حُجَّةً عَلَي نُبُوَّتِهِ، إنَّهُ جَاءَ بِمَا لاَ يَقْدِرُ الْخَلْقُ عَلَي مِثْلِهِ. أفَلَيْسَ كُلُّ مَنْ إدَّعَي أنَّهُ نَبِىٌّ ثُمَّ جَاءَ بِمَا لاَ يَقْدِرُ الْخَلْقُ عَلَي مِثْلِهِ، وَجَبَ عَلَيْكُمْ تَصْدِيقُهُ؟‘ قَالَ: ’لاَ. ِلاَنَّ مُوسَي لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ نَظِيرٌ، لِمَكَانِهِ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَقُرْبِهِ مِنْهُ. وَلاَ يَجِبُ عَلَيْنَا الاِقْرَارُ بِنُبُوَّةِ مَنْ إدَّعَاهَا، حَتَّي يّأْتِىَ مِنَ الاَعْلاَمِ بِمِثْلِ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ.‘ قَالَ الرِّضَا (ع): ’فَكَيْفَ أقْرَرْتُمْ بِاْلاَنْبِيَاءِ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا قَبْلَ مُوسَي، وَلَمْ يَفْلِقُوا الْبَحْرَ، وَلَمْ يَفْجُروا مِنَ الْحَجَرِ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ عَيْنًا، وَلَمْ يَخْرُجُوا بِأيْدِيهِمْ مِثْلَ إخْرَاجِ مُوسَي يَدَهُ بَيْضَاءَ، وَلَمْ يَقْلِبُوا الْعَصَا حَيَّةً تَسْعَي؟‘ قَالَ لَهُ الْيَهُودِيُّ: ’قَدْ خَبَرْتُكَ أنَّهُ مَتَي مَا جَاءُوا عَلَي نُبُوَّتِهِمْ مِنَ الآياتِ بِمَا لاَ يَقْدِرُ الْخَلْقُ عَلَي مِثْلِهِ، وَلَوْ جَاءُوا بِمَا لَمْ يَجِئْ بِهِ مُوسَي، أوْ كَانَ عَلَي غَيْرِ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ مُوسَي، وَجَبَ تَصْدِيقُهُمْ.‘ قَالَ: ’قَالَ الرِّضَا (ع): ’يَا رَأْسَ الْجَالُوتِ، فَمَا يَمْنَعُكَ مِنَ الاِقْرَارَ بِعِيسَي بْنِ مَرْيَمَ وَقَدْ كَانَ يُحيِى الْمَوْتَي وَيُبْرِئُ اْلاَكْمَهَ وَاْلاَبْرَصَ وَيَخْلُقُ مِنَ الطِّينِ كَهَيْئَةِ الطَّيْرِ ثُمَّ يَنْفُخُ فِيهِ فَيَكُونُ طَيْرًا بِإذْنِ اللَّهِ؟‘ قَالَ رَاسُ الْجَالُوتِ: ’يُقَالُ: ’إنَّهُ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ.‘ وَلَمْ نَشْهَدْهُ.‘‘ قَالَ الرِّضَا (ع): ’أرَأيْتَ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ مُوسَي مِنَ الآيَاتِ شَاهَدْتَهُ، ألَيْسَ إنَّمَا جَاءَتْ الاَخْبَارُ مِنَ ثِقَاتِ أصْحَابِ مُوسَي، أنَّهُ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ؟‘ قَالَ: ’بَلَي.‘ قَالَ: ’فَكَذَلِكَ، أيْضًا، أتَتْكُمْ الاَخْبَارُ الْمُتَوَاتِرَةُ بِمَا فَعَلَ عِيسَي بْنُ مَرْيَمَ. فَكَيْفَ صَدَّقْتُمْ ِبمُوسَي وَلَمْ تُصَدِّقُوا بِعِيسَي؟‘ فَلَمْ يَحِرْ جَوَابًا. |
