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DISCIPLES 1 1.7.3. It is reported that ‘Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Fadal reported that his father said, “I said to Rida(a.s.), ‘Why were the disciples (hawariyin) called hawariyin?’ He said, ‘According to the people, they were called hawariyin because they were bleachers who used to clean clothes from filth by washing, and this name is derived from hawari (bleached) bread, but according to us they are called hawariyin because they were pure in themselves and purified others from the filth of sin by sermons and remembrance.’ Then it was asked, ‘Why were the Christians (Nasara) called Nasara?’ He said, ‘Because they were from a village named Nasirah among the towns of Syria. Mary and Jesus settled in it after they returned from Egypt.’” (Bihar, 14, 273, 2) |
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الحَوارِيُّون 1-7-3- ع [علل الشرَائع] ن [عيون أخبار الرضَا عليه السلام] الطَّالِقَانِيُّ, عَنْ أحْمَدَ الهَمْدَانِيِّ, عَنْ عَلِىِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالِ, عَنْ أّبِيهِ، قَالَ: «قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا (ع): ’لِمَ سُمِّىَ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ، الْحَوَارِيِّينَ؟‘ قَالَ: ’أمَّا عِنْدَ النَّاسِ، فَإنَّهُمْ سُمُّوا حَوَارِيِّينَ، ِلاَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا قَصَّارِينَ، يُخَلِّصُونَ الثِّيَابَ مِنَ الْوَسَخِ بِالْغَسْلِ؛ وَهُوَ إسْمٌ مُشْتَقٌّ مِنَ الْخُبْزِ الْحَوَارِيِّ. وَأمَّا عِنْدَنَا، فَسُمِّىَ الْحَوَارِيُّونَ حَوَارِيِّينَ، ِلاَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا مُخْلَصِينَ فِى أنْفُسِهِمْ وَمُخَلِّّصِينَ لِغَيْرِهِمْ مِنَ أوْسَاخِ الذُّنُوبِ بِالْوَعْظِ وَالتَّذْكِيرِ.‘ قَالَ: ’فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: ’فَلِمَ سُمِّىَ النَّصَارَي نَصَارَي؟‘ قَالَ: ’لِاَنَّهُمْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ، إسْمُهَا نَاصِرَةٌ، مِنْ بِلاَدِ الشَّامِ، نَزَلَتْهَا مَرْيَمُ وَعِيسَي (ع) بَعْدَ رُجُوعِهِمَا مِنْ مِصْرَ.‘» (بحار الانوار، 14، 273، 2) |
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DISCIPLES 2 1.7.5. Anas ibn Malik said, “I asked the Apostle of Allah(a.s.) about the disciples of Jesus. He said, ‘They were those chosen by him as best, and they were twelve who were unmarried and quick to help Allah and His Apostle. There was neither pride in them nor weakness nor doubt. They helped him with vision, influence, seriousness and suffering.’ I said, ‘So, who are your disciples, O Apostle of Allah?’ He said, ‘The leaders (imams) after me who are twelve from the loins of ‘Ali and FaTimah. They are my disciples and the helpers of my religion, may peace be granted to them from Allah.’” (Bihar, 36, 310, 149) |
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1-7-5- نص [كفَاية الاَثر] أبُو الْمُفَضَّلِ, عَنْ رَجَاءِ بْنِ يَحْيَي الْعَبَرتَائِىِّ الْكَاتِبِ, عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَلاَّدٍ الْبَاهِلِيّ, عَنْ مَعَاذِ بْنِ مَعَاذٍ, عَنِ ابْنِ عَوْنٍ, عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ, عَنْ أنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ: «سَألْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ (ص), عَنْ حَوَارِىِّ عِيسَي، فَقَالَ: ’كَانُوا مِنْ صَفْوَتِهِ وَخِيَرَتِهِ، وَكَانُوا إثْنَي عَشَرَ، مُجَرَّدِينَ مُكْمِشِينَ فِى نُصْرَةِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ. لاَ زَهْوَ فِيهِمْ وَلاَ ضَعْفَ وَلاَ شَكَّ. كَانُوا يَنْصُرُونَهُ عَلَي بَصِيرَةٍ وَنَفَاذٍ وَجِدٍّ وَعَنَاءٍ.‘ قُلْتُ: ’فَمَنْ حَوَارِيُّكَ؟ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ.‘ فَقَالَ: ’الاَئِمَةُ بَعْدِى إثْنَا عَشَرَ، مِنْ صُلْبِ عَلِىٍّ وَفَاطِمَةَ. هُمْ حَوَارِيِّى وَأنْصَارُ دِينِي. عَلَيْهِم مِنَ اللَّهِ التَّحِيَّةُ وَالسَلاَمُ.‘» (بحار الانوار، 36، 310، 149) |
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DISCIPLES 3 1.7.8. It is reported that Imam Sadiq(a.s.) said, “When Jesus(a.s.) wanted to wish farewell to his disciples, he called them together and order them to be for weak creatures and he prohibited them from despots. Then he sent two of them to Antioch. They arrived on the day of a festival. They found the people there had uncovered idols and were worshipping them. They hurried toward them violently. They were put in irons and thrown into prison. When Simon found out about this, he went to Antioch and visited them in the prison. He said, ‘Did I not prohibit you from despots?’ Then he left them, and sat with the weak people. He began gradually to discuss matters with them. Then the weak spoke of these things with those who were stronger, while they kept it a most confidential secret. Their words kept ascending until they finally reached the king. He asked, ‘Since when has this man been in my kingdom?’ They said, ‘For two months.’ He said, ‘Bring him to me.’ They brought him. When the king saw Simon, he felt love for him. He said, ‘I will not sit, unless he is beside me.’ Later after having had a frightening dream, he asked Simon about it. Simon gave a good answer that gladdened the king. Later he had another terrifying dream. Simon |
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1-7-8- ص [قصص الانبياء عليهم السلام] بِالاِسْنَادِ إلَي الصَّدُوقِ, عَنْ أبِيهِ, عَنْ سَعْدٍ, عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ, عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَنَانٍ, عَنْ إسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ, عَنِ الصَّادِقِ (ع): «أنَّ عِيسَي (ع)، لَمَّا أرَادَ وِدَاعَ أصْحَابِهِ، جَمَعَهُمْ وَأمَرَهُمْ بِضُعَفَاءِ الْخَلْقِ وَنَهَاهُمْ, عَنِ الْجَبَابِرَةِ. فَوَجَّهَ إثْنَيْنِ إلَي أنْطَاكِيَّةَ. فَدَخَلاَ فِى يَوْمِ عِيدٍ لَهُمْ، فَوَجَدَاهُمْ قَدْ كَشَفُوا عَنِ اْلاَصْنَامِ وَهُمْ يَعْبُدُونَهَا. فَعَجَّلاَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالتَّعْنِيفِ. فَشُدَّا بِالْحَدِيدِ وَطُرِحَا فِى السِّجْنِ. فَلَمَّا عَلِمَ شَمْعُونُ بِذَلِكَ، أتَي أنْطَاكِيَّةَ حَتَّي دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِمَا فِى السِّجْنِ، وَقَالَ: ’ألَمْ أنْهَكُمَا, عَنِ الْجَبَابِرَةِ؟‘ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِمَا وَجَلَسَ مَعَ النَّاسِ مَعَ الضُّعَفَاءِ، فَأقْبَلَ يَطْرَحُ كَلاَمَهُ الشَّيْءَ بَعْدَ الشَيْءِ. فَأقْبَلَ الضَّعِيفُ يَدْفَعُ كَلاَمَهُ إلَي مَنْ هُوَ أقْوَي مِنْهُ. وَأخْفَوْا كَلاَمَهُ إخْفَاءً شَدِيدًا. فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَتَرَاقِى الْكَلاَمَ، حَتَّي إنْتَهَي إلَي الْمَلِكِِ. فَقَالَ: ’مُنْذُ مَتَي هَذَا الرَّجُلُ فِى مَمْلِكَتِي؟‘ قَالُوا: ’مُنْذُ شَهْرَيْنِ.‘ فَقَالَ: ’عَلَيَّ بِهِ.‘ فَأتَوْهُ. فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إلَيْهِ وَقَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ مَحَبَّتُهُ، فَقَالَ: ’لاَ أجْلِسُ إلاَّ وَهُوَ مَعِيَ.‘ فَرَأي فِى مَنَامِهِ شَيْئًا أفْزَعُهُ. فَسَألَ شَمْعُونَ عَنْهُ، فَأجَابَ بِجَوَابٍ حَسَنٍ فَرِحَ بِهِ. ثُمَّ ألْقَي عَلَيْهِ فِى |
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interpreted it in such manner that the king’s happiness increased. They conversed thus until Simon came to have influence over the king. Then he said, ‘Verily, there are two men in your jail who insulted you.’ The king said, ‘Yes.’ Simon said, ‘Bring them to me.’ When they were brought to Simon, he asked, ‘What is the god you worship?’ They said, ‘Allah.’ He said, ‘When you ask Him for something, does He hear you, and does He answer you when you pray to Him?’ They said, ‘Yes.’ Simon said, ‘I want to ask you something to gain assurance from you about this.’ They said, ‘Ask.’ He said, ‘Does He cure the leper?’ They said, ‘Yes.’ He said, ‘Bring a leper.’ He said, ‘Ask Him to cure this leper.’ They laid hands upon him and he was cured. Simon said, ‘I, also, can do the like of what you have done.’ Then he said, ‘Bring another.’ Simon laid hands on the leper and he was cured. Another mark remains; if you answer this I will believe in your God.’ They said, ‘What is it?’ He said, ‘Can you revive the dead?’ They said, ‘Yes.’ Then Simon faced the king and asked, ‘Do you have a dead person who’s passing has been hard for you?’ He said, ‘Yes. My son.’Simon said, ‘Bring us to his grave.’ Then he said, ‘They have put themselves at risk for you.’ Then they turned to the grave and raised their hands [in prayer], as did Simon, then suddenly the grave cracked open and the youth stood up. He faced his father who said to him, ‘How are you?’ He said, ‘I was dead, and terrified, when I understood there to be three persons standing before Allah with their hands raised in prayer to Him. They prayed that He revive me. They were those two and he.’ Simon said, ‘I am a believer in your God.’ The king said, ‘O Simon, I believe in Him in Whom you have come to believe.’ The viziers of the king said, ‘And we believe in Him in Whom our master has come to believe.’ The weak always followed the strong. In Antioch none remained who did not believe.” (Bihar, 14, 252) |
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الْمَنَامِ مَا أهَالَهُ. فَأوَّلَهَا لَهُ بِمَا ازْدَادَ بِهِ سُرُورًا. فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُحَادِثُهُ حَتَّي إسْتَوْلَي عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: ’إنَّ فِى حَبْسِكَ رَجُلَيْنِ، عَابَا عَلَيْكَ.‘ قَالَ: ’نَعَم.‘ قَالَ: ’فَعَلَيَّ بِهِمَا.‘ فَلَمَّا أتَي بِهِمَا، قَالَ: ’مَا إلَهُكُمَا الَّذِى تَعْبُدَانِ؟‘ قَالاَ: ’اللَّهُ.‘ قَالَ: ’يَسْمَعُكُمَا إذَا سَألْتُمَاهُ، وَيُجِيبُكُمَا إذَا دَعَوْتُمَاهُ؟‘ قَالاَ: ’نَعَم.‘ قَالَ شَمْعُونُ: ’فَأنَا أُرِيدُ أنْ أسْتَبْرِئَ ذَلِكَ مِنْكُمَا.‘ قَالاَ: ’قُلْ.‘ قَالَ: ’هَلْ يَشْفِى لَكُمَا اْلاَبْرَصَ؟‘ قَالاَ: ’نَعَم.‘ قَالَ، فَأتَي بِأبْرَصَ. فَقَالَ: ’سَلاَهُ أنْ يَشْفِى هَذَا.‘» قَالَ: «فَمَسَحَاهْ، فَبَرِأ. قَالَ: ’وَأنَا أفْعَلُ مِثْلَ مَا فَعَلْتُمَا.‘ قَالَ، فَأتَي بِآخَرَ. فَمَسَحَهُ شَمْعُونُ، فَبَرِأ. قَالَ: ’بَقِيَتْ خِصْلَةٌ، إنْ أجَبْتُمَانِى إلَيْهَا، آمَنْتُ بِإلَهِكُمَا.‘ قَالاَ: ’وَمَا هِيَ؟‘ قَالَ: ’مَيِّتٌ تُحْيِيَانِهِ.‘ قَالاَ: ’نَعَم.‘ فَأقْبَلَ عَلَي الْمَلِكَ، وَقَالَ: ’مَيِّتٌ يَعنِيكَ أمْرُهُ؟‘ قَالَ: ’نَعَم، إبْنِي.‘ قَالَ: ’إذْهَبْ بِنَا إلَي قَبْرِهِ، فَإنَّهُمَا قَدْ أمْكَنَاكَ مِنْ أنْفُسِهِمَا.‘ فَتَوَجَّهُوا إلَي قَبْرِهِ، فَبَسَطَا أيْدِيَهُمَا، فَبَسَطَ شَمْعُونُ يَدَيْهِ. فَمَا كَانَ بِأسْرَعَ مِنْ أنْ صُدِعَ الْقَبْرُ، وَقَامَ الْفَتَي، فَأقْبَلَ عَلَي أبِيهِ. فَقَالَ أبُوهُ: ’مَا حَالُكَ؟‘ قَالَ: ’كُنْتُ مَيِّتًا، فَفَزِعْتُ فَزْعَةً، فَإذَا ثَلاَثَةٌ قِيَامٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ اللَّهِ، بَاسِطُو أيْدِيْهِمْ، يَدْعُونَ اللَّهَ أنْ يُحْيِيَنِي. وَهُمَا هَذَانِ وَهَذَا.‘ فَقَالَ شَمْعُونُ: ’أنَا ِلاِلَهِكُمَا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.‘ فَقَالَ الْمَلِكُ: ’أنَا بِالَّذِى آمَنْتَ بِهِ، يَا شَمْعُونُ، مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.‘ وَقَالَ وُزَرَاءُ الْمَلِكِ: ’وَنَحْنُ بِالَّذِى آمَنَ بِهِ سَيِّدُنَا، مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.‘ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ الضَّعِيفُ يَتْبَعُ الْقَوِيَّ، فَلَمْ يَبْقَ بِاْلاَنْطَاكِيَّةِ أحَدٌ إلاَّ آمَنَ بِهِ.» (بحار الانوار، 14، 252) |
