Hazrate Adam[1] (AS) and prayer:
Interpretation of Holy Quran written by Ali son of Ibrhim Qomi which was written in about third century of Islamic calendar and it was close to Imam Hassan Askari’s(AS) period of imamat. Big and great scholars like Allama Tabatabaei who has written interpretation of Holy Quran named ‘Tafsir Al-Meezan’, relies on Quran’s interpretation of Ibrahim Qomi and has quoted many quotation from his tafsir in his books.
Ali son of Ibrahim Qomi in his interpretation of Holy Quran regarding verse of “فتلقی ءادم من ربه کلمات” Then Adam received some words (like the words of penitence and recourse to Ahle Beit [A.S] that were useful for his repentance and return) from his God and God accepted his penitence.Quotes a tradition from his father, his father quotes from son of Umair, Umair quotes from Aban son of Usman and Aban quotes from Imam Sadiq (AS), and this quotation is proved according to all Rijal books of shia.
This quotation of Imam Sadiq (AS) is regarding prayer that Imam states: when Hazrate Adam was expelled from the heaven and descended to the earth, forty days he was on mountain named Safa for prayers. Hazrate Adam stayed there forty days for doing worship and offer pray, while he was prostrating he was crying a lot because of being away from God and blessings which Allah had given him. Hazrate Gabriel descended to him and asked Hazrate Adam (AS) for his crying reason. Hazrate Adam (AS) replied: why I shouldn’t cry! Allah has expelled me; it means Allah has taken his look away from me; Allah has taken away hi all blessing from me.
Hazrate Gabriel said to Azrate Adam: O Adam come back to God and his blessings and do prostration. Hazrate Adam asked his how do I come back and do prostration. When God saw that Azrate Adam is firm in his repentance and will not make any other mistake, God send a light which made the place of Kaaba (the direction of all Muslims in Mecca) lighted and bright, and then God asked Gabriel to sign the place of Kaaba. Hazrate Gabriel was ordered to give message and ask Hazrate Adam (AS) to get ready for performing the pilgrimage and acts of worship (Hajj) in that place and ask Allah to forgive him and send on him blessings again and have close look on him.
Father of all human being Hazrate Adam (AS) by order of Allah did ablution (Ghusl) and put on Hajj uniform (Ahram), then for performing acts of 8th Zil Hajj (the 8th month of Islamic calendar) went to the Mena (land area of Mecca) and got order to stay a night there. In the morning of 9th Zil Hajj, Azrate Adam (AS) moved to the Arfat (a mountain near Mecca), afternoon of 9th Zil Hajj, Gabriel asked Hazrate Adam (AS) to do Ablution (Ghusl). Hazrate Gabriel Before the prayer of noon (Zuhr prayer), asked Hazrate Adam (AS) to stand up and start to teach him the names which are descend from Allah to him in order to teach the way of penitence to Hazrate Adam.
This tradition along being in interpretation of Holy Quran written by Ali son of Ibrahim Qomi has come in many other books. This tradition shows that Hazrate Adam (AS) who was the first human, Father of all human was ordered by God to perform prayer. But how was his prayer and how many units of prayer (Rakaet) were in his prayer or what time he was supposed to pray, or how many times he was supposed to offer or perform his prayer, all these question’s answers are unknown, and knowing that is not important and will not give us any benefit, what is important is to know that father of all human being Hazrate Adam (AS) was ordered to pray, and he had prayer in his religious law.
There is tradition which is quoted in Beharul Al-Anwar that says, Imam Jafer Sadiq (AS) stated: when Hazrate Adam passed away and time of prayer on dead body came, Hazrate Hibatullah son of Hazrate Adam (AS) said to the Gabriel: lead our prayer on our father(be our Imam Jamaet), let us to be behind you for performing prayer. Gabriel said, once God had ordered us to do prostration on your father and we did, and now I can’t come and stand in front of Hazrate Adam’s son, because you are more respected and more pious than us, so please you come in front and lead the pray with five Takbir (saying Allah Akbar) like it will be obligatory for followers of the last prophet (PBUH).
So from the time of Hazrate Adam prayer become obligatory and performing that has got high and deep rewards.[2] Unfortunately some nations and many people get away from Islamic and religious culture, some of them became idolater, some of them don’t perform prayer on their dead bodies, they bury dead bodies without performed prayer and some of them they burn their dead bodies. Worst than all, many of them have become away from the prayer, being away from prayer mean being away from God.
Hazrate Idress and prayer:[3]
Allama Majlesi has quoted a tradition from Imam Jafer Sadiq (AS) that Imam Sadiq (AS) Says: if you go to Kufah, visit Mosque (Masjid) Sahleh, and offer prayer there and ask God to solve your problems and help you in this and next world, because that mosque was the place of Hazrat Idress, he used to tailoring there and used perform his prayer. Whoever does pray and asked God his demands, God will give him and will accept his supplication, and whoever prays there will be close to Hazrat Idress (AS) in the Day of Judgment, and God will keep him under his blessings in this world and the next world. [4]
The great scholar Tabresi, counts Hazrate Idress oldest messenger and grandfather of Hazrate Noah’s father.[5] Now we came to know that Hazrate Idress (AS) who used to live before Hazrate Noah (AS) used offer pray, and his prayer place (Sahleh Mosque) is honor all muslims, and according to imam Jafer Sadiq (AS) whoever offer his prayer there God will send hi blessings on him.
Hazrate Noah[6] (AS) and prayer:
It’s quoted a tradition from Imam Baqir (AS) in Beharul Al-Anwar. One of the principles of the Hazrate Noah (AS) was worship. God has put worship, seeking God and being pure to God in human nature.
Allah had taken promise from Hazrate Noah (AS) and all prophets that they all should obey him, and worships only him, and Allah ordered Hazrate Noah (AS) to invite people for prayer and ask them being away from bad acts and say to all people to take care of Halal and Haram (lawful, unlawful).[7]
[1] . Hazrate Adam (A.S) the first man on the earth. The name of Hazrate Adam has mentioned about seventeen times in seven Sura of Holy Quran, Al-Baqara, Al-A'raaf, Al-Hijr, Al-Israa, Al-Kahf, Taa-Haa, and Saad.
Holy Quran talks about Hazrate Adam (A.S) and his existence. "آن مثل عیسی عند الله کمثل آدم خلقه من تراب", in Holy Quran it’s quoted that the Hazrate Adam was created from the earth. There is some explanation of his creating in different interpretations of Holy Quran.
" طِينٍ مِن "create of dust, “مِّن طِينٍ لَّازِبٍ” Surely We created them of firm clay, “مِّنْ حَمَإٍ مَّسْنُونٍ” created of the essence of black mud fashioned in shape, “فَإِذَا سَوَّيْتُهُ” So when I have made him complete and breathed into him of My spirit, “وَنَفَخْتُ فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِي”. “خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا” Who created you from a single being and created its mate of the same (kind) and spread from these two; Imam Muhammad Baqir (A.S) states: Hazrate Eve (Hava) was created from the rest earth of the Hazrate Adam (A.S).
Most interpreter of holy Quran believe that Hazrate Eve (Have) was created from one the rib of Hazrate Adam (A.S). There is also one quotation from the prophet (PBUH) that he stated: خلقت المراه من ضلع آدم (ع) ان” آقمتها کسرتها و ان ترکتها و فیها عوج استمتعتها" (مجمع البیان), Majmeh ul-bayan.
Hazrate Adam (A.S) was the messenger
Hazrate Adam was the first messenger of God. Holy Quran says: “إِنَّ اللَّـهَ اصْطَفَىٰ آدَمَ وَنُوحًا,” Surely Allah chose Adam and Nuh and the descendants of Ibrahim and the descendants of Imran above the nations.”
It’s quoted from Hazrate Abouzar Ghafari that he says: I asked the Prophet (PBUH) who was the first prophet? The prophet (PBUH) stated: Harate Adam (A.S) was he messenger too? The Prophet (PBUH) stated: yes he was. Allah created him and made him the first messenger on the earth. And Allah talked to him, Hazrate Adam was speaking seryani language.
[2] Al-tahzib: 3/330, chapter 32, tradition number 59; Vasaeil Shiaeh: 3/76, chapter 5, tradition 3058; Biharul Anwar: 11/260, chapter 8, tradition Number 3.
[3] . Hazrate Idress who was the prophet, and used to live in period after Hazrate Adam (A.S) and before hazrate Nooh (A.S) hazrate idress was grandfather of Hazrate Nooh’s father. Hazrate Idress is son of Yared son of Mahlaeil, son of Qainan son of Anoosh son of Sheies son of Hazrate Adam (A.S). It’s quoted that he was called Idress because he was giving many lectures and he used to spend his plenty of time for teaching. Hazrate Idress’s mother name was Qainoos, she is called Maslaseh Nehmeh (triangle of blessings) center of prophecy, kingdom and wisdom.
Name of Harate Idress twice has come in Quran, first time:
“واذکر فی الکتاب ادریس انه کان صدیقا نبیا و رفعناه مکانا علیا ”
And mention in the Book, Idrees. Indeed, he was a man of truth and a prophet. (Sura: Meryam: 56)
“و اسماعیل و ادریس و اذا الکفل کل من الصابرین”
And [mention] Ishmael and Idrees and Dhul-Kifl; all were of the patient. (Anbia: 85)
The last prophet (PBUH) said, 30 books descended on Hazrate Idress and he was the first who started to write, and had views about astronomy, and he was the first who dressed clothes because before him all people used to cover their bodies with leaves.
Quran says "he had honor of being close to God and his messenger".
[4] Biharul Anwar: 11/280, chapter 9, tradition number 10; Mustadrakul Vasaeil: 3/413, chapter 39, tradition number 3899.
[5] Biharul Anwar: 11/280, chapter Qesas Idress.
"قال طبرسی (رح) انه (ادریس النبی) جد ابی نوح (ع) و اسمه اخنوخ و هو اول من خاط الثیاب."
[6] . Hazrate Noah (A.S) was first great messenger (Ulul Azm); he used to live in Babul after Hazrate Idress (A.S). Hazrate Noah (A.S) was son of Lamak, who was son of Matoushekh, who was son of Ekhnoukh, who was son of Hazrate Idress (A.S), who was son of Mahlaeil, who was son of Qainan, who was son of Anoosh, who was son of Shaeis and Shaeis was son of Hazrate Adam (A.S).
It’s quoted from Imam Jafer Sadiq (A.S) that hazrate Noah (A.S) lived two thousand five hundred years. Eight hundred and fifty years before prophetic mission (Besat), nine hundred and fifty years from prophetic mission until the big storm (flood of Hazrate Noah (A.S)) and seven hundred years after the flood, it’s quoted that two hundred years took him to make the ship and five hundred years after the flood.
[7] Biharul Anwar: 11/331, chapter 3, tradition number 53; Ayashi commentary (تفسیر العیاشی), 2/144, tradition number 18.
source : Aspect of Prayer By Husayn Ansarian
