Hazrate Adam[1] (a.s) and prayer:
Interpretation of Holy Quran written by Ali son of Ibrhim Qomi which was written in about third century of Islamic calendar and it was close to Imam Hassan Askari’s(a.s) period of imamat. Big and great scholars like Allama Tabatabaei who has written interpretation of Holy Quran named ‘Tafsir Al-Meezan’, relies on Quran’s interpretation of Ibrahim Qomi and has quoted many quotation from his tafsir in his books.
Ali son of Ibrahim Qomi in his interpretation of Holy Quran regarding verse of “فتلقی ءادم من ربه کلمات”, translation : quotes a tradition from his father, his father quotes from son of Umair, Umair quotes from Aban son of Usman and Aban quotes from Imam Sadiq (a.s), and this quotation is proved according to all Rijal books of shia. This quotation of Imam Sadiq (a.s) is regarding prayer that Imam states: when Hazrate Adam was expelled from the heaven and descended on the earth, forty days he was on mountain named Safa for prayers. Hazrate Adam stayed there forty days for doing worship and offer pray, while he was prostrating he was crying a lot because of being away from God and blessings which Allah had given him. Hazrate Gabriel descended on him and asked Hazrate Adam(a.s) for his crying reason. Hazrate Adam (a.s) replied: why I shouldn’t cry! Allah has expelled me; it means Allah has taken his look away from me; Allah has taken away hi all blessing from me.
Hazrate Gabriel said to Azrate Adam: O Adam come back to God and his blessings and do prostration. Hazrate Adam asked his how do I come back and do prostration. When God saw that Azrate Adam is firm in his repentance and will not make any other mistake, God send a light which made the place of Kaaba (the direction of all Muslims in Mecca) lighted and bright, and then God asked Gabriel to sign the place of Kaaba. Hazrate Gabriel was ordered to give message and ask Hazrate Adam (a.s) to get ready for performing the pilgrimage and acts of worship (Hajj) in that place and ask Allah to forgive him and send on him blessings again and have close look on him.
Father of all human being Hazrate Adam (a.s) by order of Allah did ablution (Ghusl) and put on Hajj uniform (Ahram), then for performing acts of 8th Zil Hajj (the 8th month of Islamic calendar) went to the Mena (land area of Mecca) and got order to stay a night there. In the morning of 9th Zil Hajj, Azrate Adam(a.s) moved to the Arfat (a mountain near Mecca), afternoon of 9th Zil Hajj, Gabriel asked Hazrate Adam (a.s) to do Ablution (Ghusl). Hazrate Gabriel Before the prayer of noon (Zuhr prayer), asked Hazrate Adam (a.s) to stand up and start to teach him the names which are descend from Allah on him to teach Hazrate Adam for doing repentance.
This tradition along being in interpretation of Holy Quran written by Ali son of Ibrahim Qomi, has come in many other books. This tradition shows that Hazrate Adam (a.s) who was the first human, Father of all human was ordered by God to perform prayer. But how was his prayer and how many units of prayer (Rakaet) were in his prayer or what time he was supposed to pray, or how many times he was supposed to offer or perform his prayer, all these question’s answers are unknown, and knowing that is not important and will not give us any benefit, what is important is to know that father of all human being Hazrate Adam (a.s) was ordered to pray, and he had prayer in his religious law.
There is tradition which is quoted in Beharul Anwar that says, Imam Jafer Sadiq (a.s) stated: when Hazrate Adam passed away and time of prayer on dead body came, Hazrate Hibatullah son of Hazrate Adam (a.s) said to the Gabriel: lead our prayer on our father(be our Imam Jamaet), let us to be behind you for performing prayer. Gabriel said, once God had ordered us to do prostration on your father and we did, and now I can’t come and stand in front of Hazrate Adam’s son, because you are more respected and more pious than us, so please you come in front and lead the pray with five Takbir (saying Allah Akbar) like it will be obligatory for followers of the last prophet (peace be upon him). So from the time of hazrate Adam prayer become obligatory and performing that has got high and deep rewards.[2] Unfortunately some nations and many people get away from Islamic and religious culture, some of them became idolater, some of them don’t perform prayer on their dead bodies, they bury dead bodies without performed prayer and some of them they burn their dead bodies.
Worst than all, many of them have become away from the prayer, being away from prayer mean being away from God.
Hazrate Idress and prayer:[3]
Allama Majlesi has quoted a tradition from Imam Jafer Sadiq (a.s) that Imam Sadiq (a.s) Says: if you go to Kufah, visit Mosque (Masjid) Sahleh, and offer prayer there and ask God to solve your problems and help you in this and next world, because that mosque was the place of Hazrat Idress, he used to tailoring there and used perform his prayer. Whoever do pray and asked God his demands, God will give him and will accept his supplication, and whoever pray there will be close to Hazrat Idress (a.s) in the day of judgment, and God will keep him under his blessings in this world and the next world. [4]
The great scholar Tabresi, counts Hazrate Idress oldest messenger and grandfather of Hazrate Noah’s father.[5]
Now we came to know that hazrate Idress (a.s) who used to live before Hazrate Noah (a.s) used offer pray, and his prayer place (Sahleh Mosque) is honor all muslims, and according to imam Jafer Sadiq (a.s) whoever offer his prayer there God will send hi blessings on him.
Hazrate Noah[6] (a.s) and prayer:
It’s quoted a tradition from Imam Baqir (a.s) in Biharul Anwar. One of the principles of the Hazrate Noah (a.s) was worship. God has put worship, seeking God and being pure to God in human nature.
Allah had taken promise from Hazrate Noah (a.s) and all prophets that they all should obey him, and worships only him, and Allah ordered Hazrate Noah (a.s) to invite people for prayer and ask them being away from bad acts and say to all people to take care of Halal and Haram (lawful, unlawful).[7]
Hazrate Ibrahim[8] (a.s) and prayer:
Hazrat Ibrahim who is known as idol breaker, hero of monotheism, father of Prophets, meek, pious, pure and monotheist, was order by Allah to move from Damascus (Sham) to Mecca with his wife ‘Hajer’ and his suckling son Hazrat Isamaeil (a.s). When they reached to the Mecca Hazrat Ibrahim by order of Allah get them off on land of Mecca which was desert area in that time, no water no planet and Hazrat Ibrahim said to his wife goodbye and decided to come back. While he was coming back; his wife said to him: why are you going? Where will you go? Who you are leaving us for in this desert? Hazrate Ibrahim said to his wife ‘Hajer’ calmly: its order of Allah that I’m leaving you and the child (Hazrat Isamaeil) in this desert. When Hazrate Hajer heard his calm and agreeable voice left Hazrat Ibrahim (a.s) to go, and accepted the order of Allah and said to herself, if it’s order of Allah being here then I don’t have any fear and fright because he (God) is the one who’ll look after and take care of us.
Hazrat Ibrahim came back, while he was coming back, his separation from his family specially from his son who was his candle of life was pressuring on him, but his piety and pureness gave him calmness and more strength being on his divine path. Hazrat Ibrahim did dua while he was coming back. It’s quoted in Quran that he said: “ربنا انی اسکنت من ذریتی بواد غیر ذی زرع عند ” , and translation here[9]
According to holy Quran Hazrat Ibrahim asked God to give him some imported things. God also accepted his prayer and supplications. One of the request of Hazrat Ibrhim was:
“رب اجعلنی مقیم الصلوه و من ذریتی ربنا و تقبل دعائ”, translation heree[10]
Hazrat Ismaeil (a.s)[11] and prayer:
The Holy book Quran Says about Hazrat Ismaeil (a.s):
"واذکر فی الکتاب اسماعیل انه کان صادق الوعد و کان رسولا نبیا"[12]
TRANS LATION OF THE VER HERE SHOULD COME TO
Hazrat Isaac (a.s)[13], Hazrat Jacob (a.s)[14] and other prophets from Hazrat Abraham’s(a.s) progeny and prayer:
Hazrat Jacob passed away in Egypt, his children transferred his dead body to Hebron and buried there.
Hazrat Jacob and other names of prophets from Hazrat Abraham’s progeny have come in holy book of Quran. It says: “ووهبنا له اسحاق و یعقوب نافله و کلا جعلنا صالحین.........”[15] translation here
Hazrat Shuaeb (a.s)[16] and prayer:
God for guidance of People of Madyan who were corrupted and aggressive sent his messenger named Hazrat Shuaeb (a.s). God has talked about the divine knowledge of Hazrat Shuaeb (a.s) in Quran. He says:
……………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 verses and translations here. [17]
Teachings of hazrat Shuaeb (a.s) was insurance and guarantee for people of Madyan, but the people didn’t heard his voice and didn’t answer to his invitation to the right and divine path. The people of Madyan were so corrupted and caught in violent desires; that’s why they could not see and find the right path. They all knew that what’s the value of prayers, they knew prayer will keep them away from corruption and bad acts. They said to Hazrat Shuaeb (a.s):
یا شعیت اصلاتک …………………………………….. One verse and its translation here[18]
Prayer keeps you away from bad acts, prayer guides you to the exact right path, prayer keeps you away from absence, prayer keeps you away from devil and its orders, pray keeps you away corruption and designs calms and peaceful life here and hereafter.
Hazrat Moses (a.s)[19]
Hazrat Moses (a.s) who is one of messenger of great messengers (Ulul Azm). Hazrat Moses (a.s) had special favor of God. There are many verses in holy Quran regarding Hazrat Moses (a.s).
الا بذکرلله تطمئن القلوب and translation here[20]
Prayer can bring us calmness and peace. Pray with all its conditions, governs hearts and makes easy to die, Moving to the next world will be easy. Pray can make the death sweeter than the honey; and human will be able to say Labiak to God.
“یا ایتها النفس المطمئنه، ارجعی الی ربک راضیه مرضیه”, and translation of this verse here[21]
Hazrat Luqman[22] (a.s):
Hazrat Luqman the great and the wise man, he was always fighting with his selfishness and always was working on purification of the soul, God sent his blessings on him. Hazrat Luqman says to his son:
“یا بنی اقم الصلوه و امر بالمعروف و انه عن المنکر واصبر علی ما اصابک ان ذالک من عزم الامو,ر”, verse and translation[23]
Hazrat David (a.s) and prayers:
The great scholar Allama Majlesi, who is one of the unique scholars of shia, has got explanation about the verses of holy Quran which are regarding Hazrat David (a.s) and his life. Allama Majlesi quotes a tradition about hazrat David (a.s) that how he used to love prayer and how he was fond of pray, he says: “Hazrat David (a.s) had made many altars (Mehrabs) at his home in different place of the house, because he wanted to perform his prayer in all places of the his house, he had divided his time into four parts. A day for solving the problems of people, a day for his wife and family, a day for pray and do worship of God in caves or close to the rivers and a day for pray and worship in different places of house”.
Imam Sadiq (a.s) says: while he (Hazrat David (a.s)) used to pray, God used to talk to him[24].
Hazrat Suliman[25] (a.s) and prayer:
The precious book named ‘Ershad Delemi’ quotes: clothes of Hazrat Suliman were ordinary clothes, he had everything but he didn’t transfer anything to his generation. He used to pass his all nights in prayers. Used to cry a lot, his all life expenditure were from his own efforts, his own working.[26]
Ahle Sunneh Scholar in interpretation of 30 to 33 verses of surah Suad, believe once Hazrat Suliman while he was busy in checking fighter horses he forgot his afternoon prayer (Asr pray), and in time of sunset he came to know he has forgotten his afternoon prayer, became very deep sad. The God ordered sun to comeback, so that Hazrat Suliman (a.s) can offer his afternoon (Asr) prayers. So the sun came back to that place where the prayer was supposed to be prayed, and hazrate Suliman prayed his prayer on time.
Hazrat Ameerul Moemineen Ali (a.s) and Hazrat Baqir (a.s) reject this idea which is mentioned above, and the Idea of Kabul Ahbar, and Imam Ali (a.s) and Imam Baqir (a.s) Say, greatness of hazrat suliman (a.s) shows that he has not missed his prayer in his whole life.
According to shia tradition it’s quoted that Hazrat Suliman couldn’t offer his prayer on its excellence time, because of that Hazrat Suliman was so sad, and God ordered sun to come back to the time of excellence time of prayer, so Hazrat Suliman can offer his prayer on excellence time of prayer. [27]
According to Islamic science, how shai do believe is that, all prophets are innocents; they never commit any type of sin at all. Even before they come on their prophecy they have such a quality, and when they become messenger surely they are away from any even small mistake.
Hazrat Younis[28] (a.s) and prayer:
Hazrat Younis (a.s) who was the messenger of Allah and was very pious man; tried his best to invite people of Nineveh to the monotheism and to worship only the God. He always used to try to ask people to get away from idolatry and polytheism, but they didn’t listen to him. People of Nineveh ignored Hazrat Younis (a.s) and his knowledge, and they had become very proud on their own, and they made Hazrat Younis (a.s) tired and disappointed. When hazrat Younis (a.s) became disappointed from the people of Nineveh, He cursed on them and asked God to send his torment on them. After his cursing he moved away from the people of Nineveh. When the people felt that they are going to be punished, they repented and asked God to forgive them. Hazrat Younis (a.s) came back to the people of Nineveh and saw that they are forgiven by God. Hazrat Younis (a.s) lef the people again and went to the sea, due to the high and big waves got into the stomach of a fish. God has talked about the reason of his salvation in Holy book of Quran, Says: “فلولا انه کان من”[29] this verse and translation here
There is a quotation from great interpreter Mr. Qattadeh in Majmaol Al-Bayan where he says: Tasbeeh of Hazrat Younis in the verse mean prayer.[30]
Hazrat Zakaria[31] (a.s) and prayer:
Quran talks about the prayer of Hazrat Zakaria (a.s). It says: “هنالک دعا زکریا ربه قال رب هب لی .............”[32] and translation here.
Hazrat Jesus[33] (a.s) and prayer:
The story of Hazrat Jesus (a.s) and his mother Hazrat Maryam (a.s) who was infallible and pure, is wonder of the history.
God the most beneficent and merciful for showing his power and greatness has talked about this story in holy book of Quran, so others can take lessons from this story.
One of the extraordinary act and miracle of Hazrat Jesus (a.s) was his talks just after his birth. Hazrat Jesus (a.s) just after few hours of his birth, he talked about the greatness of God and said he is ordered for prayers.
[1] . Hazrate Adam (a.s) the first man on the earth. The name of Hazrate Adam seventeen times and in seven surah of Holy Quran, Al-Baqara, Al-A'raaf, Al-Hijr, Al-Israa, Al-Kahf, Taa-Haa, and Saad has come.
Holy Quran talks about Hazrate Adam (a.s) and his existence. "آن مثل عیسی عند الله کمثل آدم خلقه من تراب" , in Holy Quran it’s quoted that the Hazrate Adam was created from the earth. There is some explanation of his creating in different interpretations of Holy Quran.
مِن طِينٍ create of dust, مِّن طِينٍ لَّازِبٍ Surely We created them of firm clay, مِّنْ حَمَإٍ مَّسْنُونٍ created of the essence of black mud fashioned in shape, فَإِذَا سَوَّيْتُهُ So when I have made him complete and breathed into him of My spirit, وَنَفَخْتُ فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِي
خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا Who created you from a single being and created its mate of the same (kind) and spread from these two,
Imam Muhammad Baqir (a.s) states: Hazrate Eve (Hava) was created from the rest earth of the Hazrate Adam (a.s).
Most interpreter of holy Quran believe that Hazrate Eve(Have) was created from one the rib of Hazrate Adam (a.s). there is also one quotation from the prophet (peace be upon him) that he stated: "خلقت المراه من ضلع آدم (ع) ان آقمتها کسرتها و ان ترکتها و فیها عوج استمتعتها" (مجمع البیان), Majmeh ul-bayan.
Hazrate Adam (a.s) was the messenger
Hazrate Adam was the first messenger of God. Holy Quran says: “إِنَّ اللَّـهَ اصْطَفَىٰ آدَمَ وَنُوحًا, Surely Allah chose Adam and Nuh and the descendants of Ibrahim and the descendants of Imran above the nations.”
it’s quoted from Hazrate Abouzar Ghafari that he says: I asked the Prophet (peace be upon him) who was the first prophet? The prophet (peace be upon him) stated: Harate Adam (a.s), was he messenger too? The Prophet (peace be upon him) stated: yes he was. Allah created him and made him the first messenger on the earth. And Allah talked to him, Hazrate Adam was speaking seryani language.
[2] . التهذیب, Al-tahzib: 3/330, chapter 32, tradition number 59; Vasaeil Shiaeh: 3/76, chapter 5, tradition 3058; Biharul Anwar: 11/260, chapter 8, tradition Number 3.
[3] . Hazrate Idress who was the prophet, and used to live in period after Hazrate Adam (a.s) and before hazrate Nooh (a.s). hazrate idress was grandfather of Hazrate Nooh’s father. Hazrate Idress is son of Yared son of Mahlaeil, son of Qainan son of Anoosh son of Sheies son of Hazrate Adam (a.s). it’s quoted that he was called Idress because he was giving many lectures and he used to spend his plenty of time for teaching. Hazrate Idress’s mother name was Qainoos, she is called Maslaseh Nehmeh (triangle of blessings) center of prophecy, kingdom and wisdom.
Name of Harate Idress twice has come in Quran, first time:, “واذکر فی الکتاب ادریس.................. ”, (Surah: Meryam: 56), “و اسماعیل و ادریس و اذا الکفل کل من الصابرین”, (Anbia: 85)
The last prophet (peace be upon him) said, 30 books descended on Hazrate Idress and he was the first who started to write, and had views about astronomy, and he was the first who dressed clothes because before him all people used to cover their bodies with leaves.
Quran says “” he had honor of being close to God and his messenger.
[4] . بهار الانوار, Biharul Anwar: 11/280, chapter 9, tradition number 10; مستدرک الوسائل, Mustadrakul Vasaeil: 3/413, chapter 39, tradition number 3899.
[5] بهار الانوار, Biharul Anwar: 11/280, chapter Qesas Idress.
قال طبرسی (رح) انه (ادریس النبی) جد ابی نوح (ع) و اسمه اخنوخ و هو اول من خاط الثیاب.
[6] . Hazrate Noah (a.s) was first great messenger (Ulul Azm), he used to live in Babul after Hazrate Idress (a.s). Hazrate Noah (a.s) was son of Lamak, who was son of Matoushekh, who was son of Ekhnoukh, who was son of Hazrate Idress (a.s), who was son of Mahlaeil, who was son of Qainan, who was son of Anoosh, who was son of Shaeis and Shaeis was son of Hazrate Adam (a.s).
It’s quoted from Imam Jafer Sadiq (a.s) that hazrate Noah (a.s) lived two thousand five hundred years. Eight hundred and fifty years before prophetic mission (Besat), nine hundred and fifty years from prophetic mission until the big storm (flood of Hazrate Noah (a.s)) and seven hundred years after the flood, it’s quoted that two hundred years took him to make the ship and five hundred years after the flood.
[7] . بهار الانوار, Biharul Anwar:11/331, chapter 3, tradition number 53; Ayashi commentary (تفسیر العیاشی), 2/144, tradition number 18.
[8] . Hazrate Ibrahim (a.s), the second great messenger among great messengers (Ulul Azm). Father name of Hazrat Ibrahim according to some traditions was ‘Aazar’ or ‘Aazer’. Hazrate Ibrahim’s father was idol maker or idol seller. It’s quoted that Aazer (Father of Hazrate Ibrahim) was not his real father; he was his real father or mother’s uncle, but then he had adopted Hazrate Ibrahim (a.s) as his son.
It’s famous tradition from the last prophet (peace be upon him) that he stated : لم یزل ینقلنی الله من اصلاب الطاهرین .. , God has given me pure religion father and mother and all ancestors, God never has given me any ignorant father and mother in my ancestors.
According to holy Quran: “انما المشرکون نجس” , mushrikan paleedand, it’s quoted under this verse’s commentary that all ancestors of the Prophet (peace be upon him) were monotheist.
Late Faize says in safi commentary (interpretation of holy Quran): suppose Aazar or Aazer was the real father of hazrate Ibrahim and we don’t accept any adoption of Hazrate Ibrahim (a.s) to Aazer, then we do believe that his selling or making idol was just dissimulation. Because of some reasons he could not show his right beliefs and he hid his beliefs like hazrat Abu Tablib. Speech of Hazrate Ibrahim (a.s) when he was with sun, moon and star worshipers; was also from dissimulation point of views, so he can talk to them and they can listen him easily.
Birth place of Hazrate Ibrahim was in Babul (IRAQ) named ‘Kosi Rabbi’. Hazrate Ibrahim was selected and guided by Allah and Allah made him the prophet.
Wife of Hazrate Ibrahim ‘Sareh’ who was his cousin (daughter of his aunt) also, was rich and had many farmlands. She gave all these farmland to Hazrat Ibrahim (a.s). Hazrat Ibrahim gave his time for growing this property. He grew it up; nobody could reach to his level.
It’s quoted from Imam Jafer Sadiq (a.s) that when Hazrat Ibrahim (a.s) passed away he was one hundred seventy five years old. It’s also quoted from Imam Sadiq (a.s) that Hazrat Ibrahim (a.s) had two sons; one of them who (Hazrat Ismail (a.s)) was son of female slave (Kaniz) was the best.
Hazrat Ibrahim (a.s) had two sons from his two wives; Hazrate Ismaeil was from his first wife named Hajer and hazrat Ishaq was from his second wife named Sareh.
Hazrat Ibrahim after passing away of his wives, married with ‘Qantoora’ daughter of Yaqtin from Kanaan. Hazrat Ibrahim from Qantoora got following children, Nafshan, Maran, Madyan, Madan, Nashq and Sarrah.
Imam Baqir (a.s) stated: when Hazrate Ibrahim finished his acts of hajj (Pilgrimage of hajj ) he came to Damascus (Sham) and died there. There is a story of his death, when God send his angel of death to Hazrat Ibrahim to take his spirit (rooh), but Hazrate Ibrahim had aversion from dying. The angel went back to Allah and told him that Hazrat Ibrahim dislike to die. God said to the angel leave Hazrat Ibrahim might he wants to do my worship more. After some period Hazrat Ibrahim saw an old man, who was eating something but while he was eating there was excretion (waste of his body) from him because he could not control himself. When Hazrat Ibrahim saw him like this; he became fed up from his life. When hazrat Ibrahim came back to home he saw death angel with nice and pretty shape. Hazrat Ibrahim asked him who are you? The death angel answered: I’m the death angel. Hazrate Ibrahim said: Oh! who doesn’t like to see and meet you with this shape! The death angel answered oh friend of Allah (Khalilul Rahman) when Allah likes someone, sends me with this nice shape to him, and when Allah dislikes someone then sends me with other shape. It’s quoted that Hazrat Ibrahim passed away in that time. (Biharul anwar: 21/79 and Kamel bin Asir)
[9]. Surah Ibrahim 14/37
[10] . Surah Ibrahim 14/40
[11] . Hazrat Isamaeil (a.s) was the eldest son of Hazrat Ibrahim (a.s), his mother’s name was Hajer. According to son of Abas, when Hazrat Isamaeil born Hazrat Ibrahim was 99 years old and according to son of Masuod; Hazrat Ibrahim was 117 years old and they were in Palestine. Hazrat Ibrahim was ordered to take his family including his suckling child Hazrat Ismaeil (a.s) to the land of Mecca which was completely desert area in that time. When hazrat Ibrahim (a.s) left them there alone, God send his blessings on them and gave them ZamZam water. (zamzam is the name of fountain which came into existence under the feet of Hazrate Ismaeil). Then jurham tribe came there and stayed there. When Hazrate Ismaeil became four years, Allah send the order of sacrificing (act of doing sacrifice or Qurbani). Hazrat Ibrahim and Hazrate Ismaeil both of them agreed, Allah accepted their decision, and send Hazrat Gabriel to put sheep instead of Hazrat Ismaeil. When hazrat Ismaeil grew up and reached on the age of marry, he married from Jurham tribe and got children. then God selected Hazrat Ismaeil as his messenger. “کان رسول نبیا”, Hazrat Ismaeil started to invited people to follow God’s religion and follow religious constitution of Hazrat Ibrahim (a.s), people accepted and followed what he said. He passed away when he was one hundred thirty years old. And he was buried close to his mother’s grave in Hajjer. “انه کان صادق الوعد”, it’s quoted in traditions that Hazrat Ismaeil was firm in his promises; it has come in history that, once a man took appointment time from Hazrat Ismaeil to meet him somewhere. Hazrat Ismaeil came on time on that place but the man who was suppose to come, didn’t come, but Hazrat Ismaeil stood on that place for three days or according to some other historian he stood there for one year till the man came. Some historian say Hazrat Ismaeil passed away before his father Harat Ibrahim (a.s). What Quran says “صادق الوعد”, was Ismaeil son of Hazqeel, one of the messengers of Israel, Allah had selected him as his messenger and sent him among Israelis, but Israeli people peeled his skin alive. God had put their (Israelis) punishment in his hand, but he asked God to forgive them. (Majmaul Bayan and Dehkhuda)
[12] . Meryam 19: 54,55
[13] . Hazrat Isaac is son of Hazrat Ibrahim (a.s). He was youngest son of Hazrat Ibrahim. When Hazrat Ibrahim wanted to come to Mecca with his family, he left Hazrat Isaac in Palestine and came to Mecca with his wife and his eldest son Hazrat Ismaeil (a.s). That’s why Hazrat Isaac (a.s) becomes ancestor of children of Israel and Hazrat Ismaeil became ancestor of Arabs (converted arabs). Hazrat Isaac’s mother name was Sareh. When there was famine in Palestine, they moved to Jarar. Hazrat Isaac and his family because of having large amount of animals and having good standard of life, people of Jarar became jealous with Hazrat Isaac and his family, so they decided to leave area of Jarar and came back to Palestine. Hazrat Isaac Married with Rabqa daughter of Batooeil and got two children by following names: Hazrat Jacob and Hazrat Esau.
It’s quoted from Imam Jafer Sadiq (a.s) that Hazrat Isaac lived in this world one hundred eighty years. (Dehkhuda and Bihar:11/65). Seventeen times his name has come in Quran, his birth is counted as miracle because when his mother was giving him birth was very old.
“وامرته قائمه فضحکت فبشرناها باسحاق یعقوب، قالت یا وی............................” surah Hood(11): 71, 72
And he was elected for being messenger of Allah.
[14] . Hazrat Jacob (a.s): hazrat Jacob was son of Hazrat Isaac (a.s) and Hazrat Isaac (a.s) was son of Hazrat Abraham (a.s). Hazrat Jacob’s another name or title is Israel. He is father of Israel and from messengers of Allah. Hazrat Jacob (a.s) with his brother Esau used to live in Kanaan the great old Syria. When Hazrat Jacob (a.s) passed away was one hundred and forty seven years old. He was born 2206 BC; his grave is in Palestine in Khalil (Hebron) city. (Dictionary of holy book and dictionary of Turkey names)
Hazrat Jacob (a.s) had twelve children by following names: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Zebulon, and Issachar these six children were born from Leah wife of Hazrat Jacob and she was his cousin too. When Hazrat Leah passed away Hazrat Jacob (a.s) married with her sister named Rachel, and got children by following names : Hazrate Joseph and Benjamin, and last his four children by following names : Dan, Naphtali, Gad and Asher were from a female slave (Kaniz). (Kamil son of Asir), Hazrat Jacob passed away in great Egypt, his children transferred his dead body to Hebron and buried there.
[15] . Surah Anbia (21): 72-73
[16] . It’s said that his real name was Yathroon, he was son of Mukail who was son of Yashjab who was son of Madaya, who was son of Isaac and Isaac was son of Abraham (a.s). Mother of Mukail (father of Hazrat Shuaeb) was daughter of Hazrat Lout (a.s). Hazrat Lout (a.s) was one of the messengers of God and was from the progeny of Hazrat Abraham (a.s). According to the traditions Hazrat Lout (a.s) used to live in a period after Hazrat Hood (a.s) and Hazrat Saleh (a.s), and just short period before Hazrat Moses (a.s) and was his father in law also.
Hazrate Shoaeb (a.s) was blind, whenever the last messenger Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa (peace be upon him) used to call him name, he used to call him orator of all prophets. Because Hazrat Shuaeb (a.s) had great power of speaking and God elected him as hi messenger for people of Madayan. God had sent many blessing on people of Madayan, those who were unbeliever had big businesses but they were selling their products very expensive and they were behaving with ordinary people badly. Jafer Sadiq (a.s) states: when Hazrat Shueb said to his nation: “انی اراکم بخیرا”, Hazrat Shueb wanted to say, product’s prices are less but they are doing shortchanges in their business which will cause to destroy their all blessings from their business. Hazrat Shuaeb tried a lot to make them understand and gave them advices but they didn’t listen him at all. God because of their bad acts and unfairness with each other descended a torture and punishment. God send very wind to their city and the city become very hot. People start to go out of city for salvation and all moved to the desert. When the people went to the desert God send a fire cloud on them, all people gather under that cloud for getting rain so they can get coolness, but suddenly that cloud start to fire rain which burnt all that people. (kamel son of Asir).
When Hazrat Shuaeb (a.s) passed away, was one hundred forty years. (Safinat Bihar) it’s quoted from Imam Saiq (a.s) that he stated: Allah sent five prophet that were Arabs, these five are by following names: Hazrat Hood (a.s), Hazrat Saleh (a.s), Hazrat Ismaeil, Hazrat Shuaeb (a.s) and the last messenger Muhammad Mustafa (peace be upon him)
[17] . Surah Hood (11): 84,86
[18] . Suran Hood (11): 87
[19] . Hazrat Moses (a.s): Hazrate Moses was son of Imran, imran was son of Yashar, Yashar was son of Qaeth, Qaeth was son of Jacob, Hazrat Jacob (a.s )was son of Hazrat Isaac (a.s)’Nakhib’, according to Tabari ‘Youkhaband’ and according to a quotation ‘Eqahyeh’ and known as ‘Boukhaeid’. Name of Hazrat Moses is collection of two names: ‘Mo’ and ‘Si’ the first word ‘Mo’ in Seryani language means coffin and the second word means water. According to ‘علل الشرایع’, Ellal Sharayeh Mo in Qibti language means Water and Si means tree. Hazrat Moses was named Moses because people find him on water inside a coffin made of wood.
Hazrat Moses is the third messenger from five great messengers. He was elected being a messenger of Allah among son of Israeil. His period of prophecy was five hundred years after Hazrat Abraham (a.s). He lived about two hundred forty years or two hundred twenty years in this world. His life was full sufferings and efforts; he spent his whole life to guide people of Egypt and Madyan. He did he best to keep people of Egypt and madyan away from idolatry and polytheism, and he invited them to monotheism and to the right path. How he was bothered and suffered by his followers was not less than pharaoh (the kind of great old egypt). He spent his whole life but still could not save his land from polytheism and idolatry. After him, his representative, his niece and the messenger Hazrat Joshua (Yousha) came on his place and got good success in his work.
[20] . Surah Rad (13): 28.
[21] . Surah Fajr (89): 27 - 30
[22] . Hazrat Luqman: the philosopher and wise man who was originally from Habash (Ethiopia), and used to live in time of Hazrat Daod (a.s). His name has come in Quran “ولقد آنینا لقمان الحکمه”, and translation here. Some scholars believe that Hazrat Luqman along with being philosopher was one of the messengers and his title of philosopher and wise man which has come in Quran too is pointing to his prophecy. But some others say no, he was just philosopher and the wise man. One of his friend said to him, how you got all this knowledge, philosophy and science while you are shepherd like us? Hazrat Luqman (a.s) answered; first it’s all because of God and God’s wish. The second reason is the qualities which I had. The qualities and the characters which caused to get blessings of God and God gave me knowledge and science was honesty, trust, truth and being quiet while there is no need to talk. (Majmaul Bayan)
The death and his grave
Ibraham Adham says: tomb of Hazrat Luqman is between luqmeh Mosque (one of the city of Palestine) and today’s Market, there are seventy other graves of messengers who came after Hazrat Luqman are buried there. Bani Israel exiles them and besieged them in Ramleh and all these prophets because of hunger died there. It’s quoted that once Hazrat Luqman (a.s) was sitting with his son, when Hazrat Luqman felt that he is close to the death, start to cry. His son asked him: why are you crying dad? Is your crying because the death fears or greediness? Hazrat Luqman answered none of them. I’m crying. Hazrat Luqman said: I’m seeing long way ahead in next world, long desert but with fewer provisions, and less preparations, I’m worried about the next world, how we’ll pass this entire hard exam.
[23] . surah (31): 17
[24] . Qomi interpretation (tafsir Qomi): 2/229; Beharul Anwar: 14/20, Chapter 2.
[25] . Hazrat Suliman (a.s): Hazrat Suliman was son of Hazrat David (a.s) who was one of the famous messengers among Bani Israel messengers. Hazrat Suliman(a.s) had prophecy and kingdom together. He used to get inspiration (Vahi) but didn’t have his own and separate law (Shariet). He was promoter of the holy book Mosaic Law (torah). Seventeen times his name has come into holy book of Quran.
Hazrat Imam Sadiq (a.s) in explanation of one of the verse of holy Quran “اعملو آل داود شکرا” says: those (from the descendant of Hazrat David (a.s)) were eighty man and seventy women who didn’t leave altar (Mahrab of Jerusalem) deplete from themselves, always one of them was there for praying. Always day or night they had tasks to be there for prayers, and all these were from the descendant of Hazrat David (a.s). When Hazrat David (a.s) passed away, his rank, authorities and state of supervision came into hands of Hazrat Suliman (a.s), and hazrat Suliman (a.s) said “علمنا منطق الطیر”, God had given power to Hazrat Suliman on all human and Genies. All kings were under his control, all kings accepted Hazrat Suliman’s religion. Even wind was getting order from Hazrat Suliman (a.s), whenever Hazrat Suliman (a.s) used to enter into his session, all birds, Genies, humans, wind were at his services. Whenever Hazrat Suliman wanted to move somewhere for battle, all his forces with all its needed equipment used to come on flat joined woods, and the wind used to move them all; where Hazrat Suliman (a.s) used to order it. The speed of the wind was very high, just its morning journey was like a journey of a month for ordinary people.
Hazrat Ameerul Moemineen Ali (a.s) sated: Hazrat Suliman had power of all things, all human, Genie, birds, wind were under order of Hazrat Suliman. If God wanted to give the power of taking decision on the death like to die or not, would be Hazrat Suliman (a.s), because he had power on all things, but when he passed his period; the angle of the death came, took his soul and Hazrat Suliman passed away. All belonging and powers of Hazrat Suliman (a.s) were not for him anymore, they were divided among others.
[26] . Biharul Anwar (بحار الانوار): 14/83, chapter 5, Ershadul Quloub (ارشاد القلوب): 1/157
[27] . Qomi interpretation (Tafsir Qomi): 2/234; Beharul Anwar (بحارالانورا): 14/98-103, chapter 8, tradition 1.
[28] . Yunes son of Matta: was one of the messengers of Bani Israel. After Hazrat Suliman he got the order of being messenger for people of Nineveh. According to Quran his followers or his nation was one hundred thousand or more than that. It’s quoted from Imam Jafer Sadiq (a.s) that he stated: when something get destiny or get fix by God, will happen, except the case of Hazrat Yunes’s nation. Hazrat Yunes tried his best to guide them to the right path, but his followers didn’t listen him. Hazarat Yunes dicided to curse them. There were two men, one of them was worshiper or pious whose name was Maleekha and the other one was scholar whose name was Robeel, the pious one aways used to ask Hazrat Yunes for cursing but the scholar always used to ask not to do that. Robeel used to say God doesn’t like to see his created human being are getting punishment and are going to ruined. Hazrat Yunes (a.s) accepted the words of pious and cursed his followers. God descended his message to Hazrat Yunis and fixed the day of Punishment. When the time get close to the punishment Hazrat Yunis and the pious man went away from that area, but the scholar stood there. When the people start to feel that they are getting close to the time of the punishment, scholar said to them: All you should do repentance and come back to God, and appeal God to forgive you and stop the punishment. All they asked the scholar what they should do! The scholar said to them all together go to the desert and take children away from their mothers, and then start to cry and scream, when they did so Allah forgave them and stopped his punishment.
[29] . Safat (37): 143-144
[30] . Majmaol Al-Bayan: 8/459
[31][31] . Hazrat Zakaria: Zakaria son of Barkhia who was son of Al-Yaar, he is from descendent of Hazrat Sulaiman who was the messenger and was son of Hazrat David (a.s). Hazrat Haroon who was son of Hazrat Imran brother of Hazrat Moses (a.s), is ancestor of Hazrat Zakaria (a.s). Hazrat Zakaria (a.s) was one of the messenger of Bani Israel, he used to pray a lot in Al-Aqsa (the great mosque in Jerusalem), he had a cousin (son of uncle) named Imran, Imran who was son of Masan and this Imran was father of Hazrat Maryam(a.s). Hazrat Imran had another daughter who was older than Hazrat Maryam (a.s), her name was Asheeya who was wife of Hazrat Zakaria (a.s). Hazrat Hanneh daughter of Qafooz; was wife of Hazrat Imran (a.s). she became pregnant while she was aged, so she with her husband Hazrat Imran did a vow that if they get a child, that child will be away from any kind of material job (Tahreer mean get a child just for religious work, keep away this child from doing any material job). When Hazrat Imran and his wife Hanneh got a daughter; they became surprised how they give her for religious works, females due to their private reasons can’t be always in mosque or performing religious acts. But God accepted their vow and God gave order to Hazrat Zakaria to take her services for Mosque. Hazrat Imran named her daughter Maryam. Hazrat Zakaria (a.s) got permission to take Hazrat Maryam to his home. Hazrat Zakaria started to train her. When she grew up and was able to serve Mosque, Hazrat Zakaria (a.s) made a chamber for her in the Mosque and settled her there. Whenever Hazrat Zakaria (a.s) used to go out of Al-Aqsa Mosque used lock the door of the chamber. Sometimes in the peak of the winter when Hazrat Zakaria (a.s) used to come to the chamber for seeing Hazrat Maryam (a.s), used to see the fruits of summer season, and in the peak of the summer used to see fruits of winter season.
Hazrat Asheeya Wife of Hazrat Zakaria (a.s) became pregnant while she was ninety eight years old. When she became pregnant Hazrat Zakaria was ordered to keep silence for three days. There are traditions regarding his fasting that when he was ordered to keep silence for three days that was the time when Hazrat Maryam (a.s) became pregnant and only Hazrat Zakaria was the one who used to go to meet her and talk to her.
[32] . Al-Imran (3): 38-39
[33] . Hazrat Jesus (a.s) son of Hazrat Maryam (a.s): Hazrat Jesus (a.s) was one of the messengers and was the fourth messenger among great messengers (Olul Azm). Hazrat Maryam (a.s) is his mother, she gave him birth. By order of Allah she had become pregnant without being touched by any man. Hazrat Jesus (a.s) was born in the mid of Haziran (Jewish and Syraic month, corresponding to May-June) 622 before Islamic calendar (Migration of the Prophet (P.BU.H)) in Bethlehem which is called Nazareth in Palestine, that’s why one of his title is Nazarene.
The holy book Quran has called him with different titles, like Soul, word of Allah and beautiful in this world and the next world “و ایدناه بروح القدس”, he is introduced in holy Quran with some miracles, like make dead people alive, remedy for sick people specially for incurable diseases, and his birth from a pious mother is counted as a miracle, that’s why he is similar to Hazrat Adam (a.s). religious law of Hazrat Jesus (a.s) is counted one of the important religious law (Shariat). “شرع لکم من الدین ما وصی به نوحا و الذی اوحینا الیک.........”,(Sura: Shoora:13) translatioin here , he and his mother are counted as sign of Allah “واجعلنا ابن مریم و امه ایه” translation here
The holy Book of Quran along with mentioning Hazrat Jesus’s brith as extraordinary act and his greatness is pointing to two another main points which are related to Hazrat Jesus (a.s). 1- pointing to wrong belief of his followers, some of them were saying Hazrat Jesus (a.s) is God, some of them were saying Hazrat Jesus (a.s) is son of God and some of them were saying Hazrat Jesus (a.s) is the third God. “لقد کفر الذین قالو ان الله هو المسیح ابن .......” (Sura Maeda:17) "وقالت النصاری المسیح ابن الله"(Sura Toobeh:30) “یا اهل الکتاب لا تغلو .....” (sura Nisah:171)
2. the second main point is about the hanging Hazrat Jesus (a.s), the holy book of Quran is rejecting it, and says “و قولهم انا قتلنا المسیح ...............” (Sura Nisah: 157)
source : Aspect of Prayer By Husayn Ansarian
