The Emigrants led by Jafar Ibin Abe Taleb(as) were well received in Abyssinia, and were allowed complete freedom of worship.
In all, not counting the small children they took with them, they were about eighty in number; but they did not all go at the same time.
Their flight from Mecca, was secretly planned and carried out unobtrusively in small groups. Their families would and could have stopped it, if they had known about it; but the move had been totally unexpected, and they failed to realize what had happened until the believers had all reached their destination.
The leaders of Quraysh, however, were none the less determined that they should not be left in peace, to establish there, beyond their control, a dangerous community which might be increased tenfold if other converts joined them.
So they speedily thought out a plan, and made ready a quantity of presents of a kind that the Abyssinians were known to value most.
Leather work they prized above all, so a large number of fine skins were collected, enough to make a rich bribe for every one of the Negus's generals. There were also rich gifts for the King Negus himself.
Then they carefully chose two men, one of whom was Amr Ibin Al-Aas, of the clan of Sahm. Quraysh told them exactly what to do: first, they were to approach each of the generals separately, before meeting with their King, giving him his present, and say:
"Some foolish young men and women of our people have taken refuge in this kingdom. They have left their own religion, not for yours, but for one they have invented, one that is unknown to us and to yourselves. The nobles of their people have sent us to your king on their account, that he may send them home. So when we speak to him about them, counsel him to deliver them into our hands and have no words with them; for their people see best how it is with them."
The generals all agreed, and the two men of Quraysh took their presents to the Negus, asking that the emigrants should be given into their hands and explaining the reason as they had done to the generals, and finally adding:
"The nobles of their people, who are their fathers, their uncles and their kinsmen, beg thee to restore them unto them."
The generals were present at the audience, and now with one voice they urged the Negus to comply with their request and give up the refugees, in as much as kinsmen are the best judges of the affairs of their kinsmen.
The Christian Negus King
But the Negus was displeased and said:
"Nay, by God, they shall not be betrayed - a people that have sought my protection and made my country their abode and chosen me above all others!
Give them up I will not, until I have summoned them and questioned them concerning what these men say of them. If it be as they have said, then will I deliver them unto them, that they may restore them to their own people.
But if not, then will I be their good protector so long they seek my protection."
Then he sent for the companions of The Holy Prophet(pbuh&hf), and at the same time he assembled all of his bishops, who brought with them their sacred books and spread them open round about the throne.
Amr and his fellow envoy had hoped to prevent this meeting between the Negus and the refugees, and it was indeed in their interests to prevent it, even more so than they realised.
For they were unaware that while the Abyssinians tolerated them for commercial and political reasons they looked down on them as ignorant heathens and were conscious of a large barrier between them.
For they themselves were Christians, many of them devout; they had been baptised, they worshipped the One God, and they carried in their flesh the sacrament of the Eucharist.
As such they were sensitive to the difference between the sacred and the profane, and they were keenly conscious of the profanity of men like Amr. So much the more were they receptive - none more than the Negus himself - to the impression of holy earnestness and depth which made on them by the company of believers who were now ushered into the throne room, and a murmur of wonderment arose from the bishops, others as they recognised that here were men and women more akin to themselves than to such of Quraysh as they had previously encounted.
Moreover, most of them were young, and in many of them their pit demeanour was enhanced by a great natural beauty. Not for all of them had the emigration been necessity.
A couple pleasing to look upon were Jafar and his wife Asma. They were well protected by Abu Taleb; but the refugees needed a spokesman and Jafar was a most eloquent speaker. He was also the most winning in his person, and The Prophet(pbuh&hf) said to him on one occasion:
"Thou art like me in looks and in character."
It was Jafar who they had chosen to preside over the community of exiles; and his qualities of attraction and intelligence were amply seconded by Mus'ab of Abu Dharr, a young man whom the Prophet was later to entrust with a mission of immense importance in virtue of his natural gifts.
When they were all assembled, the Negus spoke to them and said:
"What is this religion wherein ye have become separate from your people, though ye have not entered my religion nor that of any other of the folk that surround us?"
And Jafar eloquently answered him saying:
"O King, we were a people steeped in ignorance, worshipping idols, eating unsacrificed carrion, committing abominations, and the strong would devour the weak!
Thus we were, until Allah sent us a Messenger from out of our midst, one whose lineage we knew, and his veracity and his worthiness of trust and his integrity.
He called us unto God, that we should testify to His Oneness and worship only Him and renounce what we and our fathers had worshipped in the way of stones and idols; and he commanded us to speak truly, to fulfil our promises, to respect the ties of kinship and the rights of our neighbours, and to refrain from crimes and from bloodshed.
So we worship God alone, setting naught beside Him, counting as forbidden what He hath forbidden and as licit what He hath allowed. For these reasons have our people turned against us, and have persecuted us to make us forsake our religion and revert from the worship of God to the worship of idols.
That is why we have come to thy country, having chosen thee above all others; and we have been happy in thy protection, and it is our hope, O King, that here, with thee, we shall not suffer wrong."
The royal interpreters translated all that he had said. The Negus then asked if they had with them any Revelation that their Prophet had brought them from God and, when Jafar answered that they had, he said:
"Then recite it to me."
Whereupon Jafar recited a passage from the holy Koran from Surrah of Mary, which had been revealed shortly before their departure:
"And make mention of Mary in the Book, when she withdrew from her people unto an eastern place;
She secluded herself from them; and We sent unto her Our Spirit. and it appeared unto her in the likeness of a perfect man.
She said... I take refuge from thee in the Infinitely Good, if any piety thou hast.
He said: I am none other than a messenger from thy Lord, that I may bestow on thee a son most pure.
She said... How can there be for me a son, when no man bath touched me, nor am I unchaste?
He said: Even so shall it be; thy Lord saith: It is easy for Me. That We may make him a sign for mankind and a mercy from Us; and it is a thing ordained."
The Negus was overwhelmed and wept, and his bishops wept also, when they heard him recite, and when it was translated they all wept again, and the Negus said..
"This hath truly come from the same source as that which Jesus brought."
Then he turned to the two envoys of Quraysh and said:
"Ye may go, for by God I will not deliver them unto you; they shall not be betrayed."
Amr Conspires
But when they had withdrawn from the royal presence, Amr said to his companion:
"Tomorrow I will tell him a thing that shall tear up this green growing prosperity of theirs by the roots. I will tell him that they say that Jesus the son of Mary is a slave."
So the next morning he went to the Negus and said:
"O King, they utter an enormous lie about Jesus the son of Mary. Do but send to them, and ask them what they say of him."
So he sent the word to come to him again and to tell him what they said of Jesus the son of Mary whereupon they were troubled, for nothing of this kind had ever befallen them.
They consulted together as to what they should reply when the question was put to them, though they all knew that they had no choice but to say what God had said. So when they entered the royal presence, again, it was said to them:
"What say ye of Jesus, the son of Mary?"
Jafar answered:
"We say of him what our Prophet brought unto us, that he is the slave of God and His Messenger and His Spirit and His Word which He cast unto Mary the blessed virgin."
Then the Negus took up a piece of wood and said:
"Jesus the son of Mary exceedeth not what thou hast said by the length of this stick."
And when the generals round him snorted, he added:
"Oh! Stop all your snorting!"
Then he turned to Jafar and his companions and said:
"Go your ways, for ye are safe in my land. Not for mountains of gold would I harm a single man of you!"
And with a movement of his hand towards the envoys of Quraysh, he said to his attendant:
"Return unto these two men their gifts, for I have no use for them."
So Amr and the other man with went back ignominiously to Mecca.
Meantime the news of what the Negus had said about Jesus spread among the people, and they were troubled and came out against him, asking for an explanation, and accusing him of having left their religion.
He there upon sent to Jafar and his companions and made ready boats for them and told them to embark and be ready to set sail if necessary. Then he took a parchment and wrote on it, and he testified,
"That there is no god but God and that Mohammad is His slave and His Messenger and that Jesus the son of Mary is also His slave and His Messenger and His Spirit and His Word which He cast unto Mary."
Then he put it beneath his gown and went out to his people who were assembled to meet him. And he said to them.
"Abyssinians, have I not, the best claim to be your king?"
They said that he had.
"Then what think ye of my life amongst you?"
"It hath been the best of lives."
They answered.
"Then what is it that troubleth you?"
He said.
"Thou hast left our religion, and hast maintained that Jesus is a slave!
"Then what say ye of Jesus?"
He asked.
"We say that he is the son of God!"
They answered.
Then he put his hand onto his breast, pointing with his index finger to where the parchment was hidden under his gown, and testified loudly to his belief to his people, by saying:
"To this I swear my belief!"
Which they all took to refer to their words. So they were satisfied and went away, for they were happy under his rule, and only wished to be reassured of their leader's faith.
Then the faithful Muslim Negus Leader sent word to Jafar(as) and his companions that they could disembark and go back to their dwellings, where they went on living as before, in comfort and security, without any kind of hindrance.
