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History of Islam
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Quraysh was now quite desperate

Quraysh was now quite desperate
  Quraysh Plans of Murder   Quraysh was now quite desperate. With his protector Abu Taleb dead the council of Quraysh had decided now on the killing of Mohammad and be rid of him and his new religion of Islam for once and for all. Mohammad learnt of his death plot by Quraysh from the Archangel Jibraeel and planned his escape from Mecca to Yathrib in great secrecy and informed only his young cousin Ali Ibin Abe Taleb of his daring ...

The Study of Islamic Philosophy

The Study of Islamic Philosophy
For a long time Islamic philosophy was under a cloud of doubt and uncertainty. Some people denied its existence while others affirmed it. This uncertainty continued all through the nineteenth century. Those who denied the very existence of an Islamic philosophy feigned ignorance and maintained that the teachings of Islam opposed all free discussion and investigation, and therefore Islam has never risen to the aid of philosophy and science ...

Islam, the Qur'an and the Arabic Literature

Islam, the Qur'an and the Arabic Literature
Since the advent of Islam and the revelation of the Qur'an in the early years of the seventh century AD, the Muslim Holy Book has been the subject of many extensive analytical studies. The focus of the great majority of these studies has been the theological and legislative aspects of the Holy Book, for the Qur'an provides Muslims with detailed guidance on their everyday problems. Together with the sayings, actions, and recommendations of ...

Conquest of Mekkah

Conquest of Mekkah
TIlE important event of the conquest of Mekkah occurred in the month of Ramazân, and in the eighth year of the Hijret. The ma jority of writers declare that this conquest was achieved on the thirteenth of the aforesaid month, but some maintain that it was on the twentieth. The cause of renewed hostilities with the Koraysh was this. At Iludaybeeah, the prophet concluded a truce with the Koraysh and took under his protection the tribe of Khazauh, ...

Remained in the battlefield unknown

Remained in the battlefield unknown
To boost the morale of his army, Mu`awiyah ordered his slave whose وَأمَّا طَلْحَةُ فَجَاءَهُ سَهْمٌ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ لِلْقِتالِ فَقَتَلَهُ. ثُمَّ إلْتَحَمَ القِتَالُ. فَتَقَدَّمَ رَجُلٌ يُقالُ لَهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْجَمَلِ فَجَالَ بَيْنَ الصُّفُوفِ وَقالَ: ...

Battle of al-Ahzab (Tribes/ Khandaq/Ditch/ Moat/ Trench)

Battle of al-Ahzab (Tribes/ Khandaq/Ditch/ Moat/ Trench)
The Qureshite community had one important dream: The destruction of Mohammed and his religion. Pagan tribes outside Mecca were sharing with them the same dream. Like the Meccans, these tribes considered Mohammed a serious menace to their religion. This belief brought these tribes and the Muslims into military confrontations in which the Muslims had the upper hand. These tribes, therefore, were like the Meccan community full of resentment and ...

Danger of Takfiri movements’ growth as a general challenge in front of Islamism

Danger of Takfiri movements’ growth as a general challenge in front of Islamism
Author Shahroz Ebrahimi (Assistant Professor and member of Political Sciences academic boards in University of Esfahan) Aliasghar Sotodeh (Ph.D student in International Relations from University of Gilan)   Abstract Islamism is a process which has been considered as the most central changes in Islamic world during a few recent decades enjoying more power after Iran Islamic Revolution in 1978 to come up with a pattern of political-religion ...

Muslim Ibn Aqil's Encounter With Ibn Ziyad

Muslim Ibn Aqil's Encounter With Ibn Ziyad
Muslim Ibn Aqil's Encounter With Ibn ZiyadWhen Muslim ibn 'Aqil was brought into the palace as a prisoner, he did not salute Ibn Ziyad with the greeting of peace. The guard standing at the door said to Muslim ibn 'Aqil, "Salute the commander and chief." Muslim ibn 'Aqil replied, "Silence! May sorrow be your lot! He is not my commander."At this Ibn Ziyad declared, "It is all the same whether you salute me or not. You will be executed." Muslim ibn ...

Khaibar

Khaibar
Twenty days after the prophet's return from Hudaybeeah he marched against Khyber, a strong and celebrated Yahoodee town. On approaching it he ordered a halt and offered the following prayer: O Lord, thou supporter of the seven heavens and all they overshadow, and who supportest the seven earths, and the demons, and everything that casts a shade, we entreat thee to deliver us this town and its people, and shield us from all harm it may offer us. ...

The battle at Karbala is unique

The battle at Karbala is unique
The battle at Karbala is a well-known tragedy in the human history. It is not fiction or legend, but a historical fact, chronicled by several historians who were present in the battlefield, of whom Abu Makhnaf an independent reporter and Hamid ibn Muslim, the imbedded reporter of Yazid’s army, are the best known. The battle at Karbala is unique in several respects. At Karbala, Imam Husain (a.s) changed the very meaning and connotation of the ...

History of the Twelve Imams (‘a) from the 5th to 10th Centuries

History of the Twelve Imams (‘a) from the 5th to 10th Centuries
A very early work entitled T?r?kh al-A’immah or T?r?kh al-Maw?l?d wa Wafay?t Ahl al-Bayt (‘a) is available. It mentions the dates of birth and martyrdom of the Infallible Imams (‘a) on the authority of Imam Baqir (‘a), Imam S?diq (‘a), Imam Riz? (‘a) and Imam ‘Askar? (‘a). This book is variously attributed to Ibn Khashsh?b, Nasr bin ‘Al? Jahzam?, Ahmad bin Muhammad Fary?b? and Ibn Ab? al-Thalj. Whoever happens to be its author ...

Members Of The Army

Members Of The Army
  In his book `al-Irshad p. 169, al-Mufid said: "Al-Hasan sent Hujr b. `Adi to order the leaders (Ummal) to set out and to call the people together for war (jihad). They were slow to (answer) him and then they came forward. (Al-Hasan) had a mixed band of men: some of them belonged to his Shi'a and to his father's; some of them were members of the Muhakkima (i.e., Kharijites) who were influenced by (the desires of) fighting Mu`awiya with every ...

The Third Factor

The Third Factor
The Third Factor The third factor is of a particular nature. The two factors that we have discussed above, that is, the hostile ends of the enemies and the human tendency for conjuring legends and myths, apply to all histories of the world, but there is also a factor which is specific to the event of Ashura' that has led to fabrication of stories.The leaders of the faith, from the time of the Noble Messenger and the Pure Imams, have commanded ...

Historical Factors and Shi’ism

Historical Factors and Shi’ism
By: Ayatullah al-Uzma Lutfullah Safi al-GulpayganiQUESTION: Have historical factors influenced the development of Shiaism, or is this sect a set of beliefs derived from the Qur’an and the clear traditions of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his family)?ANSWER: We need to explain several points in order to shed light on the topic and show that: (a) historical factors and events had no role in the development of Shiaism and the belief ...

The Illustrious Period of the Imamate of Imam Zayn al-'Abidin

The Illustrious Period of the Imamate of Imam Zayn al-'Abidin
The Illustrious Period of the Imamate of Imam Zayn al-'Abidin Seyyid Saeed Akhtar RizviAl-Serat, Vol. 5 (1979), Nos. 3 & 4 No Imam began his Imamat in a more tragic atmosphere. The first day of his Imamat saw him seriously ill and a captive of the army of Yazid in Karbala. His father and predecessor had sacrificed all he had on the altar of truth; and Imam Zayn al-'Abidin found himself with a group of helpless widows and orphans being led ...

Apostasy and an example from history

Apostasy and an example from history
In this connection, I would like to narrate one incident that happened during the conquest of Mecca. When the Prophet Muhammad (known as "mercy for the universe" in the Qur'ān) marched into the city of Mecca in the 8th year of hijra, he declared a general amnesty for all his enemies. However, the same Prophet named seven or eleven persons "who should be killed even if they are found holding on to the cover of the Ka`bah!"21 Those who like to ...

THE LAST STAGE OF MISCHIEF

THE LAST STAGE OF MISCHIEF
During the first year of his arrival in Madina the Prophet drew up a vital document and a basic law for Madina and its suburbs to put an end to factions and internal differences and the Jews and the tribes of Aws and Khazraj generally agreed to defend this region. The articles and all the particulars of this document have already been studied by the readers. Besides this he also concluded another pact with the Jews of Madina. It was endorsed ...

With the Nakiseen and Qasiteen

With the Nakiseen and Qasiteen
  What the Imam Amirul Momineen Ali (‘a) prophesied came out to be true because His Eminence was the gate of the city of knowledge of the Prophet and he was the carrier of the secrets and wisdom of His Eminence. The Umayyads kingdom had not become extinct when the tomb of the beloved one of the Messenger of Allah (s) was constructed in splendor and it became the sanctuary of the Almighty Allah that the hearts of all Muslims are attracted to ...

Muawiyah's Innovations due to enmity with Imam ‘Ali (as)

Muawiyah's Innovations due to enmity with Imam ‘Ali (as)
Nassa'i and the other transmitters of hadith quote Sa‘id ibn Jabir saying that on the Day of ‘Arafah, Ibn ‘Abbas asked him, "Why is it that I do not hear the people saying the talbiyah (labbayk)?" Sa‘id ibn Jabir answered, "The people are afraid of Mu‘awiyah." At that moment, Ibn ‘Abbas came out of his tent and defiantly said, "Labbayk! Allahumma Labbayk! (Here I am! O my Lord, here I am at Your service!). I say this even though ...

Superiority of Humility

Superiority of Humility
Humility is the best of all the human traits. One should always bear in his mind that Greatness is all for Allah only. The more humble a person, the more he shall be endowed with the bounties of Allah. The earth in its humility is a repository of the jewels and other invaluable resources, it helps in the production of innumerable fruits and flowers. Similarly, man, who has been made from the humble soil, had the privilege of the angels ...